Sources, factors, mechanisms and possible solutions to pollutants in marine ecosystems

Algal toxins or red-tide toxins produced during algal blooms are naturally-derived toxic emerging contaminants (ECs) that may kill organisms, including humans, through contaminated fish or seafood. Other ECs produced either naturally or anthropogenically ultimately flow into marine waters. Pharmaceu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental pollution (1987) 2013-11, Vol.182, p.461-478
Main Authors: Mostofa, Khan M.G., Liu, Cong-Qiang, Vione, Davide, Gao, Kunshan, Ogawa, Hiroshi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidification
Algal blooms
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Applied ecology
Biodiversity
Biological and medical sciences
drugs
Ecosystem
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Environmental Monitoring
fish
Fisheries - statistics & numerical data
Fishes
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
global warming
habitats
Harmful Algal Bloom
humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Marine and brackish environment
marine ecosystems
Marine Toxins - analysis
organic matter
Overfishing
Pharmaceuticals
phycotoxins
pollutants
recycling
seafoods
Seawater - chemistry
Ship breaking
Ships - statistics & numerical data
toxicity
Water Pollutants - analysis
Water Pollution - statistics & numerical data
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Summary:Algal toxins or red-tide toxins produced during algal blooms are naturally-derived toxic emerging contaminants (ECs) that may kill organisms, including humans, through contaminated fish or seafood. Other ECs produced either naturally or anthropogenically ultimately flow into marine waters. Pharmaceuticals are also an important pollution source, mostly due to overproduction and incorrect disposal. Ship breaking and recycle industries (SBRIs) can also release various pollutants and substantially deteriorate habitats and marine biodiversity. Overfishing is significantly increasing due to the global food crisis, caused by an increasing world population. Organic matter (OM) pollution and global warming (GW) are key factors that exacerbate these challenges (e.g. algal blooms), to which acidification in marine waters should be added as well. Sources, factors, mechanisms and possible remedial measures of these challenges to marine ecosystems are discussed, including their eventual impact on all forms of life including humans. Review of sources, factors, mechanisms and possible remedial measures of key pollutants (contaminants, toxins, ship breaking, overfishing) in marine ecosystems.
ISSN:0269-7491
1873-6424
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.08.005