Occurrence of parabens in outdoor environments: Implications for human exposure assessment

Parabens (PBs) are widely used as preservatives in food, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PCPs). Due to their potential characteristics, similar to endocrine-disrupting compounds, their safety in our daily products and frequent exposure to human health have become public concerns. Neverth...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental pollution (1987) 2021-08, Vol.282, p.117058, Article 117058
Main Authors: Chen, Mei-Hong, Yu, Bo, Zhang, Zi-Feng, Ma, Wan-Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Human exposure
Outdoor air
Outdoor environment
Parabens
Soil
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Summary:Parabens (PBs) are widely used as preservatives in food, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PCPs). Due to their potential characteristics, similar to endocrine-disrupting compounds, their safety in our daily products and frequent exposure to human health have become public concerns. Nevertheless, little information is available about the occurrence of PBs in outdoor environments and their implications for human exposure. In this study, seven pairs of gas- and particle-phase air samples and 48 soil samples from Harbin City, China, were collected for the analysis of eight typical PBs (including methyl-paraben, ethyl-paraben, propyl-paraben, isopropyl-paraben, butyl-paraben, isobutyl-paraben, benzyl-paraben, and heptyl-paraben), which have been frequently selected as target compounds in previous studies. Concentrations of ∑8PBs in outdoor air samples were 253–1540 pg/m3 with a median of 555 pg/m3. The results of the gas-particle partitioning indicated that PBs had not reached equilibrium between the gas phase and particle phase. Concentrations of ∑8PBs in the soil samples were
ISSN:0269-7491
1873-6424
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117058