Multi-timescale hierarchical dispatch strategy of hybrid energy storage for multiple auxiliary service markets

• Published in: Journal of energy storage 2025-01, Vol.105, p.114677, Article 114677
• Main Authors: Yao, Yan, He, Ye, Wu, Hongbin, Bi, Rui, Ding, Ming
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Auxiliary service markets; Capacity allocation method; Hybrid energy storage; Multi-timescale optimal dispatch; Renewable energy generation
• ISSN: 2352-152X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114677

As a flexible regulatory resource, hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is capable of providing multiple reliable ancillary services, which improves the adaptability of the distribution system to large-scale grid connection of the distributed generation (DG) and alleviate the pressure of peak load and frequency response. In this context, this paper proposes an optimal dispatch strategy of a HESS for DG electricity production and multiple auxiliary service markets to create stackable benefits for HESS operators. Firstly, different types of energy storage system (ESS) (energy-based and power-based) are unified to the joint optimal framework of peak shaving (PS), frequency containment reserves (FCR), and secondary frequency regulation (SFR). By constructing a virtual ESS model based on the idle-time reuse response, an optimal bidding strategy for HESS under this revenue combination is proposed to achieve the optimal utilization of resource allocation. Furthermore, an “hourly–minute–secondly” progressive time series is introduced, and a multi-timescale hierarchical dispatch model named “daily baseline–regulation basepoint–real-time regulation” is constructed. Specifically, the PS capacity is allocated day-ahead and a two-stage capacity allocation method for FCR and SFR is proposed in the intraday, which realizes the parallel optimal of HESS at the scale of full clearance in the auxiliary service markets. Results show that compared to the combined benefits of two types of ESS, the proposed method achieved the comprehensive income increased by 4.87 % and the auxiliary services income increased by 15.2 %. Under this revenue combination, the SFR market can create an additional 60 %–90 % economic value for HESS operators. The proposed hierarchical optimal model can better adapt to the trading rules of different auxiliary service markets and provide guidance for HESS and DG to further participate in the electricity market. •Design a joint optimal framework of a HESS for DG and multiple auxiliary services•Construct a virtual ESS model based on the idle time reuse response strategy•Propose an optimal bidding strategy for the revenue combination of PS, FCR and SFR•Present a multi-timescale hierarchical optimal dispatch model for HESS•Create an additional 60 %–90 % economic value by participating in SFR