Effects of agrochemical treatments on the occurrence of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination of maize in Southern Italy

• Published in: Field crops research 2011-08, Vol.123 (2), p.161-169
• Main Authors: De Curtis, Filippo, De Cicco, Vincenzo, Haidukowski, Miriam, Pascale, Michelangelo, Somma, Stefania, Moretti, Antonio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Fumonisin B 1; Fumonisin B 2; Fumonisin B 3; Fungicides; Fusarium proliferatum; Fusarium verticillioides; Maize
• ISSN: 0378-4290; 1872-6852
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2011.05.012

► Occurrence of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin content of maize in Southern Italy. ► Effects of agrochemical treatments on disease and fumonisin content. ► Treatment at silks emission and milky-waxy ripening phenological stages. ► The additive effect of fungicides when applied in combination with insecticides on Fusarium ear rot and contamination by fumonisin. The efficacy of agrochemical treatments, based on three different fungicides combined with an insecticide, was tested in southern Italy for two years on three maize hybrids to control Fusarium ear rot of maize and the accumulation in the maize kernels of the carcinogenic mycotoxins fumonisins. Insect damage incidence and severity, disease incidence and severity, identification of Fusarium species and levels of fumonisin contamination in kernels were determined. Field trials showed in both years that natural colonization of maize kernels by the fumonisin producing species Fusarium proliferatum and F. verticillioides (up to 81.5 and 26.5%, respectively) and total fumonisin contamination (up to 68.2 μg g −1) were highly severe. For all hybrids and in both years, the treatment with the insecticide applied alone reduced the insect damage severity consistently and the content of fumonisins in the kernel only in half of the cases, whereas fungicide treatments applied in combination with the insecticide showed a further significant reduction of fumonisin contamination in the three hybrids and in both years.