Cytoprotective action against oxidative stress in astrocytes and neurons by Bactris guineensis (L.) H.E. Moore (corozo) fruit extracts

• Published in: Food and chemical toxicology 2017-11, Vol.109 (Pt 2), p.1010-1017
• Main Authors: López, Sergio, Martá, Mitchell, Sequeda, Luis Gonzalo, Celis, Crispin, Sutachan, Jhon Jairo, Albarracín, Sonia Luz
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Arecaceae - chemistry; Astrocytes; Astrocytes - cytology; Astrocytes - drug effects; Astrocytes - metabolism; Bactris guineensis; Cell Survival - drug effects; Cells, Cultured; Cytoprotection; Fruit - chemistry; Male; Neurodegenerative diseases; Neurons - cytology; Neurons - drug effects; Neurons - metabolism; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Protective Agents - pharmacology; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; SH-SY5Y cells
• ISSN: 0278-6915; 1873-6351
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.04.025

Neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are characterized by having a significant increase in oxidative stress that can lead to the cellular damage of both neurons and astrocytes. Therefore, the search for molecules that can modulate oxidative stress in these diseases has recently gain interest, especially for those non-traditional antioxidants that can be gained from diet. In the present work, pulp and seed extracts from the fruit of the palm, Bactris guineensis were obtained by hydro-alcoholic solution and by a solid-liquid phase using solvents with different polarities and evaluated for their capacity to protect both neurons and astrocytes against rotenone-induced oxidative stress. Analysis of the chemical antioxidant activity showed that Bactris guineensis pulp crude extract and seed ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts had a high scavenging capacity when compared with extracts obtained in Hexane and dichloromethane. Toxicity assays also showed that the pulp crude extract and seed ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts at low doses did not affect the cell viability of primary astrocyte and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. In addition, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts, not only decreased O2− radicals production but also protected both SHSY5Y and astrocytes oxidative stress induced by rotenone. Together our results suggest that Bactris guineensis fruit contain antioxidant molecules that can have therapeutic potential. [Display omitted] •B. guinnesis is a promising source of antioxidants molecules due to its high content of phenols.•Ethanol and ethyl acetate seed extracts of B.guinnesis protect neurons and astrocytes against oxidative stress induced by rotenone.•Ethanol and ethyl acetate seed extracts of B. guinnesis decrease the production of superoxide radicals.