Banana peel ameliorated hepato-renal damage and exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in metal mixture mediated hepatic nephropathy by activation of Nrf2/ Hmox-1 and inhibition of Nfkb pathway

• Published in: Food and chemical toxicology 2022-12, Vol.170, p.113471, Article 113471
• Main Authors: Eddie-Amadi, Boma F., Ezejiofor, Anthonet N., Orish, Chinna N., Rovira, Joaquim, Allison, Theodore A., Orisakwe, Orish E.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: albino; anesthesia; animal models; Banana; banana peels; bioavailability; caspase-3; catalase; females; glutathione; glutathione peroxidase; heavy metals; heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing); Hepatorenal functions; histopathology; Inflammation; interleukin-6; kidney diseases; kidneys; liver; malondialdehyde; Metal mixture toxicity; necrosis; neoplasms; nitric oxide; oral gavage; Oxidative stress; pentobarbital; Programmed cell death; protective effect; superoxide dismutase; toxicity; transcription factor NF-kappa B
• ISSN: 0278-6915; 1873-6351
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113471

This study evaluated the protective role of banana peel extract (BP) on heavy metal mixture (HMM) mediated hepatorenal toxicity using a rat model. Twenty-five female Wistar albino rats were weight-matched and divided into five groups of five female rats each. Group 1(control) received deionized water only. Group 2 received HMM only (20 mg kg−1 of Pb, 0.40 mg kg−1 of Hg, 0.56 mg kg−1 of Mn and 35 mg kg−1 of Al). Groups 3, 4 and 5 were co-administered with the same metal mixture with BP at 200, 400 and 800 mg kg−1, respectively. Treatments were through oral gavage for 60 days; animals were sacrificed pentobarbital anesthesia and liver and kidney harvested for test. Thereafter, metal levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), catalase (CAT), glutathione content (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), interlukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis alpha (Tnf-α), caspase-3 (Cas-3), Nuclear factor kappa B (Nfkb), Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox-1) were assayed. HMM group presented higher levels of metal, IL-6 and Tnf-α, MDA, NO, Nfkb and Hmox-1 in HMM group which were significantly reduced by BP. BP was protective against metal mixture induced histopathological distortions. HMM exposure significantly distorted hepatorenal functions and BP treatment reduced metal bioavailability and abrogated most of these alterations.