Two new flavonoids from the leaves of Garcinia smeathmannii, in vitro and in silico anti-inflammatory potentials

• Published in: Fitoterapia 2024-12, Vol.179, p.106273, Article 106273
• Main Authors: Sirlam, Moïse, Leutcha, Peron Bosco, Sado Nouemsi, Guy Raphael, Zafar, Humaira, Tegha, Hycienth Fung, Sema, Denis Kehdinga, Tsague Tankeu, Virginie Flaure, Nganso Ditchou, Yves Oscar, Poka, Madan, Demana, Patrick Hulisani, Atia-tul-Wahab, Choudhry, Muhammad Iqbal, Siwe Noundou, Xavier, Meli Lannang, Alain
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anti-inflammatory activity; Biflavonoid; Garcinia; Molecular docking; Xanthone
• ISSN: 0367-326X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106273

Garcinia smeathmannii is a well-known plant for its uses in the effective treatment of intestinal parasites, skin eruptions and skin burns. The dichloromethane-methanol (2:3) crude extract of the leaves of G. smeathmannii led to the isolation and characterization of twenty compounds (1−20) using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Extracts and compounds were screened in vitro for their anti-inflammatory (ROS), antiglycation and antileishmanial (L. tropica) activities. Compounds were also screened for their in silico anti-inflammatory activities using Maestro 4.2.1 software with the co-crystal complex structures of the ovine oCOX-1: meloxicam (PDB Id: 4O1Z) and murine mCOX-2: meloxicam (PDB Id: 4M11) proteins. An unprecedented flavonol (1) and a flavone dimer (2) together with eighteen known compounds (3−20) were characterized. All the tested samples in vitro revealed no antiglycation and antileishmanial activities. Beside, extracts revealed moderate anti-inflammatory activities (IC50 ranging from 24.1 ± 2.0 to 34.7 ± 0.8 μg/mL). Only compound (13) revealed an anti-inflammatory activity which was 9.33 times more active than the reference (Ibuprofen, IC50 = 11.2 ± 1.9 μg/mL) with IC50 of 1.2 ± 0.0 μg/mL. Compounds (2–9, 11–13 and 19–20) were docked and the docking scores were ranging from −10.178 to −6.119 (kcal/mol) which were in agreement with the experimental anti-inflammatory activity. These results are in agreement with the traditional uses of the leave of G. smeathmannii as cataplasm for skin eruption and as analgesic agent. [Display omitted] •Phytochemical investigation of Garcinia smeathmannii (Planch. & Triana) Oliv.•Chemophenetic significance of the isolated compounds.•Anti-inflammatory (ROS), antiglycation and antileishmanial (L. tropica) screening of samples from Gsmeathmannii.•Molecular docking of the isolated compounds for anti-inflammatory potencies.