Geographical authentication of virgin olive oil by GC-MS sesquiterpene hydrocarbon fingerprint: Scaling down to the verification of PDO compliance

Nowadays, 144 Protected Designations of Origin (PDO) and Protected Geographical Indications (PGI) under the EU quality schemes correspond to extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). As endorsed by the EU Food Fraud Network, PDO/PGI EVOOs are particularly vulnerable to fraudulent practices because of their hig...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Food control 2022-09, Vol.139, p.109055, Article 109055
Main Authors: Quintanilla-Casas, Beatriz, Torres-Cobos, Berta, Guardiola, Francesc, Romero, Agustí, Tres, Alba, Vichi, Stefania
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Authenticity
case studies
compliance
discriminant analysis
economic valuation
extra-virgin olive oil
Fingerprint
food fraud
food safety
Geographical origin
PDO
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons
sesquiterpenoids
Spain
SPME-GC-MS
Virgin olive oil
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Summary:Nowadays, 144 Protected Designations of Origin (PDO) and Protected Geographical Indications (PGI) under the EU quality schemes correspond to extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). As endorsed by the EU Food Fraud Network, PDO/PGI EVOOs are particularly vulnerable to fraudulent practices because of their high economic value. For this reason, the present study aims to develop an instrumental tool to assess the compliance of EVOO with PDO label-declaration using a large sample set (n = 350). As a case study, PDOs from Catalonia were used. Therefore, discriminant analysis based on the sesquiterpene hydrocarbon fingerprint determined by HS-SPME-GC-MS achieved to correctly classify an average of 93.6% of samples among the four Catalan PDOs, leaving unassigned the 6% of the total sampling (external validation results for 3 iterations). On the other hand, the proposed strategy allowed discriminating each Catalan PDO from non-PDO samples produced in different geographical areas with an efficiency between 95% and 99%. [Display omitted] •SH fingerprint and chemometrics achieved discriminating PDO oils from close regions.•Oils from different PDOs using the same cultivars were also discriminated.•The same approach allowed verifying the PDO compliance against non-PDO samples.•This tool proved to be successful to authenticate olive oils from EU to PDO level.
ISSN:0956-7135
1873-7129
DOI:10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109055