Effects of effluent from electoplating industry on the immune response in the freshwater fish, Cyprinus carpio

• Published in: Fish & shellfish immunology 2018-08, Vol.79, p.86-92
• Main Authors: Borgia, V.J. Florence, Thatheyus, A.J., Murugesan, A.G., Alexander, S. Catherine P., Geetha, I.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aeromonas hydrophila; Aeromonas hydrophila - physiology; Agglutination Tests - veterinary; Animals; Antibody Formation - immunology; Antibody response; Antiprotease activity; Carps - immunology; Cyprinus carpio; Electroplating; Electroplating industrial effluent; Fish Diseases - immunology; Fish Proteins - genetics; Fish Proteins - immunology; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - immunology; Immune response; Immunity, Innate; Industrial Waste - adverse effects; Lysozyme activity; Muramidase - genetics; Muramidase - immunology; Myeloperoxidase activity; Peroxidase - genetics; Peroxidase - immunology; Protease Inhibitors - immunology; Water Pollution, Chemical - adverse effects
• ISSN: 1050-4648; 1095-9947
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.010

The present study was designed to assess the effect of sublethal concentrations of electoplating industry effluent (EIE) on the non-specific and specific immune responses in the freshwater fish, Cyprinus carpio. Sublethal concentrations of electroplating industry effluent such as 0.004, 0.007, 0.010 and 0.013% were chosen based on the LC50 values. Experimental fish were exposed to these sublethal concentrations of EIE for 28 days. After 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of treatment, non-specific immune response by serum lysozyme activity, myeloperoxidase activity and antiprotease activity and specific immune response by antibody response to Aeromonas hydrophila using bacterial agglutination assay and ELISA were assessed. The results showed that chronic exposure of fish to 0.004, 0.007, 0.010 and 0.013% EIE, dose-dependently decreased the non-specific and specific immune responses on all the days tested compared to control fish whereas statistically significant suppressive effects were observed in fish exposed to 0.013% of EIE on all activities tested. •Electroplating industrial effluent suppressed the immune response of Cyprinus carpio under chronic exposure.•In the case of nonspecific immune response, reduction in serum lysozyme activity, myeloperoxidase activity and antiprotease activity was observed.•In specific immune response, reduction in antibody response was noticed.•As EIE is a mixture of metals, DNA damage, and impairment of cells and organs of the immune system might have been responsible for the immune-suppression.