Modulation of nodularin toxicity in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (BOONE, 1931) fed with dietary açai (Euterpe oleracea) inclusion

• Published in: Fish & shellfish immunology 2020-08, Vol.103, p.464-471
• Main Authors: Schmitz, Marcos Josué, Colombo, Grecica Mariana, Simião, Cleber dos Santos, Ortiz, Chaelen Rodrigues, Fonseca Costa, Luíza Dy, Nascimento da Silva, Thamyres Vanessa, Ramos, Patrícia Baptista, Yunes, João Sarkis, Wasielesky, Wilson, Tesser, Marcelo Borges, Monserrat, José María
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amazonian fruit; Animal Feed - analysis; Animals; Bacterial Toxins - toxicity; Chemoprotection; Cyanobacteria; Diet - veterinary; Dietary Supplements - analysis; Euterpe - chemistry; Freeze Drying; Hormesis; Marine Toxins - toxicity; Nodularia; Oxidation-Reduction; Penaeidae - immunology; Peptides, Cyclic - toxicity; Protective Agents - pharmacology; Random Allocation; Toxins
• ISSN: 1050-4648; 1095-9947
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.05.055

This study evaluated the effect of dietary inclusion of lyophilized açaí Euterpe oleracea (LEO) on redox status of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (initial weight 1.5 ± 0.39 g) upon exposure to cyanotoxin nodularin (NOD) in bioflocs system. Three hundred juvenile shrimps were randomly divided into two groups and fed twice a day with two diets: one containing 0.00 (control diet) and the other 10.0% LEO (w/w) for 30-days. After the feeding period, both shrimp groups were submitted to three treatments (14 L; 7 shrimp/tank) with different concentrations of cyanotoxin NOD (0.00; 0.25; and 1.00 μg/L) dissolved in water with 96 h of exposure. Then, the shrimps were sampled (n = 15/treatment) for the determination of reduced glutathione (GSH), the activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), sulfhydryl groups associated to proteins (P-SH), and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) in the hepatopancreas, gills and muscle. The NOD accumulation was measured in the muscle. The results revealed that dietary LEO significantly increased GSH levels in the hepatopancreas and gills of the shrimps exposed to NOD. Toxin exposure did not modify GST activity in all organs. Muscle TBARS levels were lower in the shrimp fed with the LEO diet and exposed to NOD. The NOD toxin did not accumulate in the muscle but notably was detected in the control groups fed or not with dietary LEO. Açaí was able to induce the antioxidant system of L. vannamei, as well as lowered the oxidative damage in shrimps exposed to NOD, suggesting its use as a chemoprotectant against cyanotoxins. •It was evaluated the use of açaí Euterpe oleracea as a chemoprotectant.•Shrimps L. vannamei were exposed to cyanotoxin nodularin (NOD).•Açaí increased glutathione levels in shrimps exposed to NOD.•Açaí lowered the oxidative damage in shrimps exposed to NOD.