Adsorption isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics of nitrate and phosphate in binary systems on a novel adsorbent derived from corn stalks

Novel adsorbents from raw corn stalks (RCS) were synthesised after cellulose isolation followed by modification with epichlorohydrin, N,N-dimethylformamide, pyridine and diethylamine. The MCCS (modified cellulose from corn stalks) products were characterised by thermogravimetric analysis, elemental...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of geochemical exploration 2018-05, Vol.188, p.95-100
Main Authors: Fan, Chunhui, Zhang, Yingchao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
Cellulose
Corn stalks
Nitrate
Phosphate
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Summary:Novel adsorbents from raw corn stalks (RCS) were synthesised after cellulose isolation followed by modification with epichlorohydrin, N,N-dimethylformamide, pyridine and diethylamine. The MCCS (modified cellulose from corn stalks) products were characterised by thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR); moreover, the adsorption characteristics of nitrate and phosphate on MCCS were investigated in binary systems using batch adsorption procedures. The mass loss of RCS and MCCS may be divided into three stages and the modification reaction increased the stability of samples. The surface of MCCS was rougher than that of RCS and amine groups were successfully loaded onto MCCS, as shown by elemental analysis results and FT-IR spectra. The pseudo-second order kinetics equation and Langmuir isotherm could well describe the adsorption process, and the maximum adsorption capacities (298 K) of nitrate and phosphate on MCCS as calculated from the Langmuir isotherm were 13.6054 and 22.8833 mg/g, respectively. The obtained thermodynamic parameters indicated the spontaneous and exothermic nature of adsorption. •Novel adsorbent was synthesised from corn stalk derived cellulose.•Characteristics of adsorbent were confirmed with TGA, elemental analysis, SEM and FT-IR.•Adsorption characteristics of nitrate and phosphate were revealed in binary systems.•Pseudo-second order kinetics equation and Langmuir isotherm fit better the reaction.•Adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic.
ISSN:0375-6742
1879-1689
DOI:10.1016/j.gexplo.2018.01.020