First steps on comprehensive understanding of biosafety and toxicity of natural extract from Calotropis procera seeds, new insights towards sustainability

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials advances 2022-02, Vol.5, p.100042, Article 100042
• Main Authors: Souza, Ana Júlia M., Lima, Cristiane T., Gonçalves, Max P., Souza, Patrícia N. da C, Santana, Silas S., Carvalho, Sandhra M., França, Andressa, Chagas, Poliane, Esmeraldo Paiva, Aislan, Frank Baez Vasquez, Jhonattan, Morris, Michael, Medeiros Borsagli, Fernanda G.L.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biomolecules; HEK 293T; HeLa; HEPG2; Natural extract
• ISSN: 2772-4166; 2772-4166
• DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2021.100042

•New insights of colloidal materials from Calotropis procera seeds.•Different routes of extraction indicating diverse physicochemical properties.•Difference in biosafety/toxicity among three type of cell lines shows a key potential for sustainability.•Combination with different compounds in colloidal extract potentiating toxicity in HEPG2 cell.•Distinct polarity character of solvent used affected the biosafety/toxicity behavior. Understanding the relationship among the materials properties, characteristics, biosafety/ toxicity responses in human/animal life is imperative. This research focuses on extracted natural materials from Calotropis procera seeds based on two different routes (ethanol and water) to the first step on a comprehensive understanding of biosafety/toxicity using in vitro bioassays. The colloidal extracts were extensively characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Bradford, and sodium-dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-page). In addition, the cytotoxicity against liver cancer cells (HEPG2), kidney cell lines of human embryos (HEK 293T), and Human ALK Knockout HeLa Cell Line (HeLa) were evaluated. The results showed that the natural extract presented different behavior depending on the cell line, probably because some proteins and compounds, i.e., serine/threonine-protein kinase, calactin, and calotoxin, mainly associated with anti-cancer properties of these compounds. Moreover, the different routes significantly affected the extraction of the compounds, as proteins, influencing the natural extract final composition due to the distinct solvents polarity character. Furthermore, the toxicity/biosafety difference among the cells (less 60% for HEPG2 and over 80% for HEK293T and HeLa) shows that these colloidal materials may be a key potential for sustainability applications of the natural extract. [Display omitted] .