Separation of nickel(II), cobalt(II) and lanthanides from spent Ni-MH batteries by hydrochloric acid leaching, solvent extraction and precipitation

• Published in: Hydrometallurgy 2013-02, Vol.133, p.37-43
• Main Authors: Fernandes, Aline, Afonso, Julio Carlos, Dutra, Achilles Junqueira Bourdot
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Metals recovery; Ni-MH batteries; Precipitation; Solvent extraction
• ISSN: 0304-386X; 1879-1158
• DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2012.11.017

The separation of nickel(II), cobalt(II) and lanthanides from chloride leach liquors of spent nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries is described. After leaching in 12molL−1 HCl, the traces of iron(III) and zinc(II) were extracted in a single stage with pure TBP (25°C, A/O ratio=1v/v). Cobalt was extracted (93.6%) in two stages with Alamine 336 (10% vol. in kerosene, 25°C, A/O=1v/v, free acidity=4.3molL−1). More than 98% of the lanthanides present in the raffinate were recovered through one of the following routes: (i) extraction with PC88A (20vol.% in kerosene, 25°C, A/O=1v/v, one stage, pH 1); (ii) precipitation as oxalates at pH 0.5. Nickel(II) was precipitated (>99%) as oxalate at pH 2. Metals separation in acidic medium avoids partial or total neutralization of the leachate and reduces the amount (and salinity) of the wastewater generated in the separation processes. ► Full metals separation in acidic medium. ► Detailed study on cobalt extraction using tertiary amines in HCl medium. ► Better lantanides recovery using SX rather than precipitation of oxalates. ► Nickel recovered as oxalate. ► Lower generation of final wastes.