Enhancing the photocatalytic performance of Co(II) and Cu(II) phthalocyanine by containing 1,3,4 thiadiazole groups in 4-nitrophenol oxidation reaction

• Published in: Inorganica Chimica Acta 2023-03, Vol.547, p.121342, Article 121342
• Main Authors: Saka, Ece Tugba, Tekintas, Kader, Bekircan, Olcay, Biyiklioglu, Zekeriya
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 1,3,4 thiadiazole; 4-Nitrophenol; Catalyst amount; Photoxidation; Phthalocyanine; Solvent effect
• ISSN: 0020-1693; 1873-3255
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121342

[Display omitted] •Synthesis of new 1,3,4-thiadiazole based Co(II) and Cu(II) phthalocyanines.•Boosting photocatalytic performance of Co(II) and Cu(II) phthalocyanines on 4-nitrophenol photoxidation reaction.•Finding the convenient conditions of photoxidation with changing catalyst amount and solvent.•Working out turnover number, turnover frequency, product conversion and selectivity. Designing an eco-friendly and low cost catalyst with high efficiency and selectivity to rapidly clean up phenolic compounds is urgently to be a priority. In this work, we have synthesized and characterized 1,3,4-thiadizaole substituted copper and cobalt phthalocyanine 4 and 5 as catalysts on 4-nitrophenol photoxidation. To determine the optimum conditions of 4-NP photoxidation, we have investigated catalyst amount and solvent effect. 2000/1 was detected as suitable substrate/catalyst ratio to give the highest product conversion (90 % for complex 4 and 95 % for complex 5). Dichloromethane, tetrahydofuran, hexane and toluene were tested as different solvent for 4-NP photoxidation and dichloromethane was found the best solvent for both catalysts. The catalytic turnover frequencies of 4 and 5 for photoxidation of 4-NP were determined to be 900 h−1 and 950 h−1, respectively, which were better values than those of the catalysts in our works. Complex 5 maintained conversion (from 95 % to 32 %) after four continuous cycles and the entire catalytic and recovery process could be achieved by separation of two phase reaction mixture.