Morphological, chemical and thermal analysis of cellulose nanocrystals extracted from bamboo fibre

This work investigates the extraction of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) from bamboo fibre as an alternative approach to utilize the waste bamboo fibre. In this study, bamboo fibre was subjected to acid hydrolysis for efficient isolation of CNC from bamboo fibre. The extracted CNC's were morpholog...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of biological macromolecules 2020-10, Vol.160, p.183-191
Main Authors: Rasheed, Masrat, Jawaid, Mohammad, Parveez, Bisma, Zuriyati, Ainun, Khan, Anish
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bamboo pulp
Cellulose - chemistry
Chemical properties
Dietary Fiber - analysis
Hydrolysis
Microscopy, Atomic Force - methods
Morphological properties
Nano crystalline cellulose
Nanocomposites - chemistry
Nanoparticles - chemistry
Poaceae - chemistry
Temperature
Thermal properties
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Summary:This work investigates the extraction of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) from bamboo fibre as an alternative approach to utilize the waste bamboo fibre. In this study, bamboo fibre was subjected to acid hydrolysis for efficient isolation of CNC from bamboo fibre. The extracted CNC's were morphologically, characterized via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The energy Dispersive X-rays (EDX) provided the elemental composition of the prepared CNC's and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) exhibited their crystallinity. The physiochemical analysis was done via Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR); and their thermal analysis was revealed by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). As from their morphological investigations, rod like structures of CNC's were observed under SEM analysis with higher carbon content as demonstrated by EDX, while needle shaped CNC's were observed from TEM and AFM studies. Acid hydrolysis for 45 min resulted into higher degree of crystallinity and higher yield of CNC's about 86.96% and 22% respectively. Owing to higher quality of CNC's obtained as a result of efficient and modified techniques, these can find potential usage in nanocomposites for biomedical and food packaging application. •Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was extracted from bamboo fibre by acid hydrolysis.•Acid hydrolysis followed by ultrasonification to get highly crystalline cellulose•Disintegrated rod structured NCC evidenced the effectiveness of the technique.•The NCC of higher thermal stability were obtained from bamboo.
ISSN:0141-8130
1879-0003
DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.170