Faulty phase identification and ground detection in TCSC compensated lines integrated with wind farms

• Published in: International journal of electrical power & energy systems 2023-11, Vol.153, p.109383, Article 109383
• Main Authors: Mohanty, Subodh Kumar, Santra, Subhendu Bikash, Siano, Pierluigi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Fault classification; Faulty phase identification; Intrinsic time scale decomposition; Random forest; TCSC; Wind farm
• ISSN: 0142-0615; 1879-3517
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2023.109383

•Protection issues of TCSC compensated line integrated with DFIG based Wind Farm.•A novel protection algorithm is proposed to detect the faulty phase in a TCSC compensated line connected with DFIG based Wind Farm.•This proposed method is also validated in a real time platform using dSPACE DS-1104 based prototype processor.•Use of the ITD based technique for detecting faulty phase in TCSC compensated line connected to DFIG based wind farm.•This ITD based algorithm is sensitive for close in fault and high resistance fault in TCSC line with wind farm. Nowadays there is a trend for offshore wind farms to be connected with power grids through a TCSC series controlled compensating device employed in transmission lines for the improvement of large power flows. In such transmission lines, faulty phase identification and ground detection create a challenge for conventional distance relaying schemes because of non-linear output power fluctuation due to variations in wind speed and different firing angle operations of TCSC. Therefore, to overcome the problem of such transmission lines relaying, a novel time-frequency analysis-based intrinsic time scale decomposition (ITD) method is proposed in this paper. The proposed intrinsic time scale decomposition method uses only a three-phase grid side current from relaying end for faulty phase and ground detection and ITD supported random forest classifier for fault classification accuracy approach. The evaluation of the proposed scheme is tested on several fault cases with varying system parameters and non-fault transient events through the EMTDC/PSCAD platform during different wind speeds and varying firing angle operations of TCSC. The performance of the proposed scheme is also verified through a real-time interface dSPACE DS 1104 control prototype hardware. Finally, a comparison analysis with existing techniques demonstrated the effectiveness of the presented method to assess the mentioned problem of the conventional protective relaying schemes. The proposed method demonstrated a 100% accuracy for faulty phase selection and a 99.99% accuracy for fault classification.