Antimicrobial efficacy of eravacycline against emerging extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii isolates

• Published in: Indian journal of medical microbiology 2024-03, Vol.48, p.100565, Article 100565
• Main Authors: Gautam, Hitender, Raza, Shahid, Biswas, Jaya, Mohapatra, Sarita, Sood, Seema, Dhawan, Benu, Kapil, Arti, Das, Bimal K.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antimicrobial resistance; MDR; MIC; XDR and eravacycline
• ISSN: 0255-0857
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100565

Drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging threat. This study has been conducted to observe the efficacy of eravacycline along with the RND-efflux pump system. A cross-sectional study was done collecting 48 clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. MICs of 15 antibiotics were detected along with BMD of tigecycline and eravacycline. PCR products of drug-resistant regulatory genes were sequenced and analyzed. Of the total 48 Isolates, 35 (72.91%) were XDR and 13 (27.08%) were MDR. Out of all, 60.41% of isolates were found to be susceptible to eravacycline by BMD according to both FDA and EUCAST guidelines. A 2-fold decline of MIC50/90 was observed with the use of eravacycline compared to tigecycline. RND-efflux genes like AdeC in 30 (62.5%) isolates and Regulatory gene AdeS in 29 (60.41%) isolates were detected, explaining the existing resistance mechanism. XDR Acinetobacter poses an escalating threat due to its resistance to multiple antibiotics, raising serious concerns in healthcare settings. Eravacycline is an encouraging new drug for empirical use in severe infection caused due to the same. Molecular investigation and strict antimicrobial stewardship should be followed to control the emergence, and a better understanding of mechanisms of resistance to prevent the spread of drug-resistant isolates.