Influence of irregular fiber filling on the performance of hollow fiber membrane modules for cold water production

• Published in: International journal of refrigeration 2024-12, Vol.168, p.552-565
• Main Authors: Yan, Weichao, Yang, Chuanjun, Zhang, Yu, Liu, Yahui, Liu, Yilin, Cui, Xin, Meng, Xiangzhao, Jin, Liwen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Efficacité énergétique; Energy efficiency; Evaporative cooling; Heat and mass transfer; Hollow fiber membrane module; Irregular filling; Module à membrane en fibres creuses; Refroidissement par évaporation; Remplissage irrégulier; Transfert de chaleur et de masse
• ISSN: 0140-7007
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.09.029

•The countercurrent hollow fiber membrane module is proposed for cold water generation.•A 3-D numerical model is developed accounting for irregular fiber filling.•Channeling effect and flow dead zones degrade the heat and moisture transport.•Irregular fiber filling increases the air side heat transfer resistance by >158 %.•Irregular fiber filling offers the potential to improve energy efficiency under certain conditions. The countercurrent hollow fiber membrane-based evaporative water cooler (MEWC) offers an eco-friendly and compact solution for cold water generation. This study introduces a random sequential addition algorithm to model the real-world irregular fiber filling within the MEWC. Inspired by the honeycomb structure, the developed 3-D numerical model adopts a calculation unit featuring a hexagonal prism comprising multiple fibers. Validation against experimental data reveals an average relative error of 2.81 % concerning outlet water temperature. The effects of fiber filling patterns (regular layout and random layout) on the velocity and temperature fields of the MEWC are investigated. Comparisons of outlet water temperature, cooling efficiency, consumptive electric power ratio, and heat and mass transfer resistance composition between these layouts under various operating conditions are conducted. The results indicate that the random layout fosters severe channeling effect and large flow dead zones, impairing air side heat and moisture transfer. The random layout exhibits over 15.9 % reduction in cooling efficiency and 36.3 % decrease in consumptive electric power ratio compared to the regular layout. Irregular fiber filling leads to a notable 158.6 % increase in air side heat transfer resistance and a 35.9 % rise in mass transfer resistance. Although irregular filling compromises the cooling performance, it demonstrates potential for energy savings under certain conditions. Design schemes should be carefully tailored to meet specific application requirements by considering these trade-offs.