Synthesis of green fluorescent carbon dots using cysteine and maltose as ecofriendly ligands for the detection of venlafaxine anti-depression drug in pharmaceutical and plasma samples

• Published in: Inorganic chemistry communications 2024-10, Vol.168, p.112980, Article 112980
• Main Authors: Sadhu, Vibhuti Atulbhai, Park, Tae Jung, Kailasa, Suresh Kumar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cellulose paper-based detection; CM-CDs; Cysteine; Maltose; Pharmaceutical and Biofluids; Venlafaxine
• ISSN: 1387-7003
• DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2024.112980

[Display omitted] •Green fluorescent CM-CDs were prepared using cysteine and maltose as precursors.•Green fluorescent CM-CDs showed λEx/Em at 420/511 nm.•CM-CDs acted as a sensor for sensing of venlafaxine via fluorescence “turn-off” mechanism.•This method exhibited wider linear range (0.1–180 µM) with a LOD of 75.15 nM for venlafaxine.•This method successfully applied to assay venlafaxine in biofluids and pharmaceutical samples. In this work, the green emissive carbon dots (CDs) were fabricated using cysteine and maltose as bio-precursors via refluxing process. The emission and excitation peaks of fabricated cysteine-maltose CDs (CM-CDs) are noticed at 511 and 420 nm, respectively. The as-fabricated CM-CDs displayed average mean size of 3.63 ± 1.12 nm with uniform spherical shape and good quantum yield of 32.81 %. Importantly, the as-fabricated CM-CDs act as a sensor for venlafaxine an anti-depression drug sensing via a fluorescence “turn-off” mechanism. The fluorescence lifetime of CM-CDs was 1.34 ns. The as-fabricated CM-CDs were highly sensitive towards venlafaxine, displaying good linear range from 0.1 to 180 µM with the limit of detection of 75.15 nM. The fluorescence of CM-CDs was reduced with the interaction of venlafaxine, thereby favoring to develop CM-CDs-based cellulose paper sensor for venlafaxine assay. The fabricated sensor was effectively utilized for the quantification of venlafaxine in pharmaceutical and biological samples with good recovery rates (96.01––99.65 %).