Rivastigmine ameliorates gentamicin experimentally induced acute renal toxicity

• Published in: International immunopharmacology 2023-01, Vol.114, p.109492, Article 109492
• Main Authors: Abdelzaher, Walaa Yehia, El-Tahawy, Nashwa Fathy Gamal, AboBakr Ali, Abdel Hamid Sayed, Mohamed, Hatem A., Welson, Nermeen N., Aly Labib, Dina A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acute kidney injury; Acute Kidney Injury - chemically induced; Acute Kidney Injury - drug therapy; Acute Kidney Injury - metabolism; Animals; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions - metabolism; Gentamicin; Gentamicins - toxicity; Kidney - pathology; NF-kappa B - metabolism; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rivastigmine; Rivastigmine - metabolism; Rivastigmine - therapeutic use; α7nAChR
• ISSN: 1567-5769; 1878-1705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109492

•GNT induced acute renal damage and high NF-κB immunoexpression.•RIVA improved the biochemical and microscopic indicators of nephrotoxicity.•RIVA lowered GNT concentrations and decreased NF-κB immunoexpression.•RIVA showed antioxidants and antiapoptotic effects. The current experiment aimed to identify the possible protective role of rivastigmine (RIVA) in gentamicin (GNT)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats. RIVA was administered in the presence and absence of GNT. Kidney function markers and serum and renal GNT concentrations were measured. Renal oxidative stress parameters as well as inflammatory and apoptotic biomarkers were evaluated. Renal histopathological assessment and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) immunohistochemical study were performed. GNT administration increased serum creatinine, urea, and cystatin C concentrations. RIVA ameliorated these changes via mitigating GNT-induced increases of renal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic parameters. RIVA showed a prompt improvement in the histopathological renal damage and a decrease in NF-κB immunoexpression. In conclusion, RIVA protective effects against GNT-induced AKI are mediated by decreasing GNT concentration in renal tissue and other effects like antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects possibly through its cholinergic anti-inflammatory action.