A Controlled Intervention Restricting AGEs Improves Carboxymethyl Lysine, RAGE, Lipid, and Inflammatory Indices in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

• Published in: Journal of clinical lipidology 2024-07, Vol.18 (4), p.e548-e548
• Main Authors: Aroni, Adamantia, Presvelos, Dimitrios, Kostopoulou, Eirini, Ioannidis, Anastasios, Panoutsopoulos, Georgios, Zyga, Sofia, Kosmidis, Georgios, Spiliotis, Bessie, Gil, Andrea Paola Rojas, Detopoulou, Paraskevi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 1933-2874; 1876-4789
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2024.04.078

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are glycosylated proteins or lipids formed in the presence of hyperglycemia and several diseases, such as chronic kidney disease. Carboxymethyl lysine (CML) is one of the major AGEs structures found in tissues and plasma. AGEs play a key role in endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and renal function impairment, partly through interaction with their receptor (RAGE). The aim was to assess the effects of a 1-month AGEs-restricted diet on circulating CML, RAGE, lipid, and inflammatory indices in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing haemodialysis (n=22 participants in the intervention and n=20 participants in the control group) were recruited from the General Hospital of Molaoi. The dietary counseling included an individualized dietary plan that excluded foods high in AGEs and recommended boiling, poaching, stewing, or steaming foods over frying and oven re-heating. Hematological and biochemical markers were measured in an automatic analyzer. The soluble form of the receptor for AGEs (sRAGE), and CML were measured with ELISA. Mononuclear cells were isolated and the protein expression of RAGE and the inflammatory marker COX-2 was measured using Western immunoblotting. All measurements were performed at baseline and follow-up. The intervention group presented a lower increase in CML compared to the control group (12.39 % median change in the intervention vs. 69.34% in the control group, p=0.013), while RAGE (% mean change -56.54 in the intervention vs. 46.51 in the control group, p