Relationship between suicide mortality and lithium in drinking water: A systematic review and meta-analysis

•Lithium in drinking water significantly decreases the odds of suicide in general population (OR=0.42).•Lithium exposure through drinking water significantly decreases the odds of suicide in men but not in women.•Lithium intake through drinking water exerts its possible anti-suicidal effects dose de...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of affective disorders 2020-03, Vol.264, p.234-241
Main Authors: Barjasteh-Askari, Fateme, Davoudi, Mojtaba, Amini, Homayoun, Ghorbani, Mohammad, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yunesian, Masoud, Mahvi, Amir Hossein, Lester, David
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cohort Studies
Drinking water
Drinking Water - analysis
Female
Humans
Lithium
Lithium - analysis
Male
Meta-analysis
Odds Ratio
Suicide
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Summary:•Lithium in drinking water significantly decreases the odds of suicide in general population (OR=0.42).•Lithium exposure through drinking water significantly decreases the odds of suicide in men but not in women.•Lithium intake through drinking water exerts its possible anti-suicidal effects dose dependently. : Lithium at therapeutic doses has protective effects against suicide in clinical practice. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the relationship between lithium concentration in drinking water and suicide mortality in the general population. : A systematic search was conducted in Web of Knowledge, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus to find papers reporting the crude relationship between drinking water lithium and suicide incidence in the general population until June 2019. The pooled effect measure was expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using the random-effects model. : We retrieved 308 English original articles, of which 13 ecologic studies with a total sample size of 939 regions and one cohort study with a sample size of 3,740,113 people were eligible for the meta-analysis. A significant relationship was found between the lithium concentration in drinking water and reduced suicide mortality (OR= 0.42; 95% CI: 0.27–0.67; p-value
ISSN:0165-0327
1573-2517
DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2019.12.027