Individual characteristics and the demand for reciprocity in trade liberalization: Evidence from a survey in Japan

•Reciprocity is important in trade negotiations.•We conduct a survey of trade policy preferences in Japan.•Workers in protected sectors reject import liberalization without reciprocity.•People in managerial occupations demand foreign market opening.•Reciprocal trade liberalization is not widely supp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Japan and the world economy 2021-06, Vol.58, p.101071, Article 101071
Main Authors: Tomiura, Eiichi, Ito, Banri, Mukunoki, Hiroshi, Wakasugi, Ryuhei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Policy preference
Reciprocity
Survey data
Trade policy
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Summary:•Reciprocity is important in trade negotiations.•We conduct a survey of trade policy preferences in Japan.•Workers in protected sectors reject import liberalization without reciprocity.•People in managerial occupations demand foreign market opening.•Reciprocal trade liberalization is not widely supported. Reciprocity is an important concept in international trade negotiations. However, we know little about who demands reciprocity in trade liberalization. This paper characterizes reciprocitarians based on a survey of 10,816 individuals in Japan. Workers in protected sectors tend to demand reciprocity in import liberalization, but oppose the demand for foreign countries to open their markets. In contrast, individuals in managerial occupations tend to demand foreign market opening, but reject the idea of no import liberalization without reciprocity. We also examine the effects of education, nationalism, and risk aversion.
ISSN:0922-1425
1879-2006
DOI:10.1016/j.japwor.2021.101071