Inca water channel flow analysis based on 3D models from terrestrial and UAV laser scanning at the Chachabamba archaeological site (Machu Picchu National Archaeological Park, Peru)

• Published in: Journal of archaeological science 2022-01, Vol.137, p.105515, Article 105515
• Main Authors: Dominika, Sieczkowska, Bartłomiej, Ćmielewski, Krzysztof, Wolski, Dąbek, Paweł B., Bastante, José M., Izabela, Wilczyńska
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Chachabamba; DTM; Flow analysis; GIS; LiDAR; Machu picchu; Water channel
• ISSN: 0305-4403; 1095-9238
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2021.105515

The Chachabamba archaeological site contains a unique water complex erected and modified by the Incas. Based on archaeological investigations within the ceremonial sector, it has been established that the function of this water complex was strictly ceremonial. Moreover, hydrodynamic studies of the water supply canals have verified the previous findings. Due to the complex characteristics of the site, which is largely overgrown by dense vegetation, we employed a methodology not previously applied in the region. Three-dimensional documentation techniques were used to produce hydrodynamic analyses of the site, which facilitated the preparation of appropriate models that are key to understanding the function of the entire water system. •The Incas built water systems to legitimize their domination.•The Machu Picchu region had one of the densest networks of water systems.•Hydrodynamic calculations of archaeological remains are made possible by using 3D scanning.•The water system at Chachabamba had an exclusively ritual function.