Enhanced degradation mechanism of anticancer drug irinotecan through low-frequency ultrasound assisted reactive electrochemical membrane

The effect of low-frequency ultrasound (US, 20 kHz, 104 W) on the degradation of anticancer drug irinotecan (IRI) using reactive electrochemical membrane (REM) was investigated. Results demonstrated that higher k value (0.103 min−1) and mineralization efficiency (94.6%) as well as lower energy consu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of cleaner production 2023-01, Vol.383, p.135419, Article 135419
Main Authors: Meng, Xinxin, Liu, Zhun, Qian, Xubin, Tang, Shaoyu, Fang, Cheng, Niu, Junfeng, Xu, Lei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Electrochemical oxidation
Irinotecan
Low-frequency ultrasound
Mechanism
Reactive electrochemical membrane
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Summary:The effect of low-frequency ultrasound (US, 20 kHz, 104 W) on the degradation of anticancer drug irinotecan (IRI) using reactive electrochemical membrane (REM) was investigated. Results demonstrated that higher k value (0.103 min−1) and mineralization efficiency (94.6%) as well as lower energy consumption (0.906 Wh L−1) were observed in US-REM system. The effects of influence factors including US power, volume flow rate, current density and initial IRI concentration on the degradation of IRI were studied in US-REM system. The relative contributions of •OH, SO4•− and O2•− (indirect oxidation) to IRI degradation using REM were all increased with the assistance of US. The production rate of •OH using US-REM increased by 19.7% compared with that using REM. Seven intermediates of IRI degradation using both REM and US-REM were identified, and the main degradation pathways of IRI were hydroxylation, oxidation and ring cleavage. The enhanced degradation and mineralization of IRI in US-REM system could mainly be attributed to higher •OH production and higher contribution of free radicals. [Display omitted] •Low-frequency ultrasound (US) assisted reactive electrochemical membrane is developed.•Electrochemical degradation of irinotecan follows pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics.•US enhances electrochemical degradation and mineralization of irinotecan.•US accelerates the electrochemical production of reactive oxygen species.•Possible electrochemical degradation pathways of irinotecan are proposed.
ISSN:0959-6526
1879-1786
DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135419