Potential applications of coral sand in bone healing and drug delivery

Coral sand (CS) is a rich chemical source of various active substances that are associated with a plethora of benefits. In bone healing, they are preferred due to their biocompatibility, osteoconduction, osteointegration, and osteogenetic effects. The porosity, permeability and mechanical strength o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of drug delivery science and technology 2022-03, Vol.69, p.103150, Article 103150
Main Authors: Naredla, Manusri, Osmani, Riyaz Ali, S, Meenakshi, Gupta, Maram Suresh, Gowda, Devegowda Vishakante
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocompatibility
Bone tissue engineering
Coral sand
Drug delivery
Osteoconductive
Osteogenic
Osteoinductive
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Summary:Coral sand (CS) is a rich chemical source of various active substances that are associated with a plethora of benefits. In bone healing, they are preferred due to their biocompatibility, osteoconduction, osteointegration, and osteogenetic effects. The porosity, permeability and mechanical strength of CS vary depending on the source (species/family) of the coral. Besides, it is also used to build scaffolds for usage in bone tissue engineering. Apart from its usage in bone healing and its allied areas, CS is also used as a carrier for both immediate and sustained drug delivery formulations for various disease conditions. The first part of the review provides insightful information about the general characteristics of CS and its role in osteogenesis, while the second part of the review highlights its role as a potential drug delivery carrier and the formulation strategies thereof. Further, the review delves into systematic search, review and analyze the patent literature on usage of CS in bone healing and drug delivery systems. Furthermore, the review touches upon some popular commercial products of CS. Through this review, we present sufficient insights about the less explored CS for bone repair and as a carrier for drug delivery. We also speculate the possibility of using this marine biomaterial for various other non-medical uses briefly discussed in the present review. [Display omitted]
ISSN:1773-2247
DOI:10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103150