585 nm light-emitting diodes inhibit melanogenesis through upregulating H19/miR-675 axis in LEDs-irradiated keratinocytes by paracrine effect

• Published in: Journal of dermatological science 2020-05, Vol.98 (2), p.102-108
• Main Authors: Jin, Shanglin, Chen, Li, Xu, Zhongyi, Xing, Xiaoxue, Zhang, Chengfeng, Xiang, Leihong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Exosomes; Exosomes - metabolism; Gene Knockdown Techniques; H19/miR-675; Humans; Hyperpigmentation - genetics; Hyperpigmentation - therapy; Keratinocyte; Keratinocytes - cytology; Keratinocytes - metabolism; Keratinocytes - radiation effects; Light-emitting diode (LEDs); Low-Level Light Therapy - instrumentation; Low-Level Light Therapy - methods; Melanins - biosynthesis; Melanocytes - metabolism; Melanogenesis; Membrane Glycoproteins - metabolism; Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor - metabolism; MicroRNAs - antagonists & inhibitors; MicroRNAs - metabolism; Monophenol Monooxygenase - metabolism; Oxidoreductases - metabolism; Paracrine Communication - genetics; Paracrine Communication - radiation effects; Primary Cell Culture; RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics; RNA, Long Noncoding - metabolism; Semiconductors; Up-Regulation - genetics; Up-Regulation - radiation effects
• ISSN: 0923-1811; 1873-569X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.03.002

•Irradiation with 585 nm LEDs from 0 J/cm2 to 20 J/cm2 had no cytotoxic effect on NHEKs.•The melanogenic activities of NHEMs were downregulated after cocultured with the medium of 585 nm-irradiated NHEKs.•H19 and its derived exosomal miR-675 from NHEKs were significantly upregulated after irradiation.•H19 knockdown and miR-675 inhibition in NHEKs could attenuate the inhibition effect of 585 nm LEDs on melanogenesis. 585 nm light-emitting diodes have been proven to suppress melanogenesis in melanocytes. However, whether LEDs will influence normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and paracrine effect of LEDs-irradiated NHEKs in melanogenesis remains unknown. To elucidate the possible mechanisms in vitro of anti-melanogenic activity of 585 nm LEDs on paracrine effect of NHEKs and its exosomes. NHEKs irradiated with different fluences of 585 nm LEDs were evaluated the cell viability by CCK8 assay. Irradiated medium of NHEKs was co-cultured with melanocytes. Melanin content, tyrosinase activity and melanogenic enzymes activities were detected. Exosomes from NHEKs medium were isolated and characterized by electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The expression changes of H19 and its encoded exosomal miR-675 were analyzed. Irradiation with 585 nm LEDs from 0 J/cm2 to 20 J/cm2 had no cytotoxic effect on NHEKs. After co-cultured with irradiated medium of NHEKs, melanin content and tyrosinase activity were reduced and the melanogenic activities were downregulated on both mRNA and protein levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1). H19 and its derived exosomal miR-675 from NHEKs, which has been proven relevant to melanogenesis, were significantly upregulated after irradiation. Furthermore, H19 knockdown and miR-675 inhibition in NHEKs could attenuate the inhibition effect of 585 nm LEDs on melanogenesis. This study demonstrated that 585 nm LEDs could inhibit melanogenesis via the up-regulation of H19 and its derived exosomal miR-675 from NHEKs, which was considered as a novel paracrine factor in regulating melanogenesis.