Study of ω-6 linoleic and ω-3 α-linolenic acids of hemp (Cannabis sativa) seed oil extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction: CCD optimization

• Published in: Journal of environmental chemical engineering 2019-02, Vol.7 (1), p.102818, Article 102818
• Main Authors: Devi, Vibha, Khanam, Shabina
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Central composite design; Extraction; Hemp (Cannabis sativa); ω-3 α-linolenic; ω-6 linoleic
• ISSN: 2213-3437; 2213-3437
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2018.102818

[Display omitted] •Supercritical extraction of ω-6 linoleic and ω-3 α-linolenic acids from hemp seed.•CCD was used to optimize the process parameters.•Temperature, pressure, flow rate, particle size and co-solvent effects were studied.•Parameters effect on the optimum ratio of ω-6 and ω-3 was evaluated.•Proximate, chromatographic and spectrometric analyses were conducted. In the present study, supercritical CO2 extraction of ω-6 linoleic and ω-3 α-linolenic fatty acids from hemp seed oil is successfully optimized through central composite design (CCD) considering five parameters (temperature, pressure, CO2 flow rate, particle size and co-solvent (ethanol) flow rate (mass % of CO2 flow rate)). Two statistical quadratic models are developed, exhibiting a good prediction of ω-6 linoleic and ω-3 α-linolenic acids concentrations with negligible error. All model parameters are found significant for P  0.1. Statistical analysis suggests optimized parameters as temperature, 76 °C; pressure, 300 bar; CO2 flow rate, 13 g min−1; particle size, 0.43 mm and co-solvent flow rate as 8% of CO2 flow rate; which are experimentally verified. Moreover, effects of input parameters on the optimum ratio of ω-6 linoleic and ω-3 α-linolenic acids are investigated and found to be in the range from 2.11 to 3.17. UV spectroscopy estimates chlorophyll a, b and carotene content in hemp oil as (84.0 to 293.9) μg g−1, (46.4 to 216.4) μg g−1 and (4.3 to 66.6) μg g−1, respectively.