Thermally driven failure of Nd:YVO4 amplifier crystals

We report on an unusual failure pattern resulting from thermally driven fracture of laser amplifier single crystals. The pattern led to some confusion with regard to the point of initiation due to the coalescence of hackle lines to a region within the fracture surface, rather than the more common di...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the European Ceramic Society 2020-11, Vol.40 (14), p.4939-4948
Main Authors: Salem, Jonathan A., He, Charles C., Sawruk, Nicholas W., Litvinovich, Viatcheslav
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Earth observation satellite
Failure analysis
Finite element analysis
Fractography
Fracture toughness
Handling damage
ICESat-2
Laser amplifier
Strength
Thermal stresses
Yttrium ortho-vanadate
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Summary:We report on an unusual failure pattern resulting from thermally driven fracture of laser amplifier single crystals. The pattern led to some confusion with regard to the point of initiation due to the coalescence of hackle lines to a region within the fracture surface, rather than the more common divergence of hackle away from the origin. The pattern leads to new fracture terms: Hackle node - the coalescence of hackle marks to a point of prior compression. The feature is produced as a thermally-generated, centrally-located compressive region transforms to tension thereby drawing crack propagation and hackle to the compressive region, forming an internal terminus. Hackle terminus – a hackle node formed by final crack propagation within the component. As part of the analysis, the fracture toughness and slow crack growth constants of neodymium doped, yttrium ortho-vanadate (Nd:YVO4) were measured. Nd:YVO4 exhibits slow crack growth and is very brittle with a fracture toughness of only 0.48 MPa√m.
ISSN:0955-2219
1873-619X
DOI:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.02.057