Co-plantation of aquatic macrophytes Typha angustifolia and Paspalum scrobiculatum for effective treatment of textile industry effluent

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials 2017-09, Vol.338, p.47-56
• Main Authors: Chandanshive, Vishal V., Rane, Niraj R., Tamboli, Asif S., Gholave, Avinash R., Khandare, Rahul V., Govindwar, Sanjay P.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biodegradation, Environmental; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Color; Coloring Agents - isolation & purification; Coloring Agents - toxicity; Congo Red - isolation & purification; Congo Red - toxicity; Consortium; Drench; Enzymes - metabolism; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Germination - drug effects; Industrial Waste; Metals, Heavy - isolation & purification; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen - metabolism; Paspalum - growth & development; Paspalum - metabolism; Paspalum scrobiculatum; Phaseolus - drug effects; Phaseolus - embryology; Photosynthesis; Phytoremediation; Pigments, Biological - metabolism; Plant Roots - enzymology; Plant Roots - metabolism; Seeds - drug effects; Seeds - growth & development; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Textile Industry; Typha angustifolia; Typhaceae - growth & development; Typhaceae - metabolism; Waste Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical - isolation & purification; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.05.021

[Display omitted] •Textile industry effluents were treated in constructed wetlands (drenches) by plants.•Co-plantation of T. angustifolia and P. scrobiculatum showed enhanced dye removal.•T. angustifolia and P. scrobiculatum decolorized Congo Red and textile effluent.•Possible degradation pathways of Congo Red by all three systems are proposed.•Phytotoxicity assay revealed less toxic nature of dye products after treatment. Field treatment of textile industry effluent was carried out in constructed drenches (91.4m×1.2m×0.6m; 65.8m3) planted independently with Typha angustifolia, Paspalum scrobiculatum and their co-plantation (consortium-TP). The in situ treatment of effluent by T. angustifolia, P. scrobiculatum and consortium-TP was found to decrease ADMI color value by 62, 59 and 76%, COD by 65, 63 and 70%, BOD by 68, 63 and 75%, TDS by 45, 39 and 57%, and TSS by 35, 31 and 47%, respectively within 96h. Heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium and lead were also removed up to 28–77% after phytoremediation. T. angustifolia and P. scrobiculatum showed removal of Congo Red (100mg/L) up to 80 and 73%, respectively within 48h while consortium-TP achieved 94% decolorization. Root tissues of T. angustifolia and P. scrobiculatum revealed inductions in the activities of oxido-reductive enzymes such as lignin peroxidase (193 and 32%), veratryl alcohol oxidase (823 and 460%), laccase (492 and 182%) and azo reductase (248 and 83%), respectively during decolorization of Congo Red. Anatomical studies of roots, FTIR, HPLC, UV–vis Spectroscopy and GC–MS analysis verified the phytotransformation. Phytotoxicity studies confirmed reduced toxicity of the metabolites of Congo Red.