Advances in photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy

[Display omitted] •Photodynamic therapy of microbial infections.•Photosensitization and reactive oxygen species generation.•Visible and NIR light sources for photodynamic therapy.•Recent clinical progresses of PACT. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) combin...

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Published in:Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. C, Photochemistry reviews Photochemistry reviews, 2021-12, Vol.49, p.100452, Article 100452
Main Authors: Anas, Abdulaziz, Sobhanan, Jeladhara, Sulfiya, K.M., Jasmin, C., Sreelakshmi, P.K., Biju, Vasudevanpillai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antimicrobial
Bacteria
COVID-19
Fungus
PACT
Photodynamic therapy
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Summary:[Display omitted] •Photodynamic therapy of microbial infections.•Photosensitization and reactive oxygen species generation.•Visible and NIR light sources for photodynamic therapy.•Recent clinical progresses of PACT. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) combine light and photosensitizers to treat cancers and microbial infections, respectively. In PACT, the excitation of a photosensitizer drug with appropriate light generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that kill pathogens in the proximity of the drug. PACT has considerably advanced with new light sources, biocompatible photosensitizers, bioconjugate methods, and efficient ROS production. The PACT technology has evolved to compete with or replace antibiotics, reducing the burden of antibiotic resistance. This review updates recent advances in PACT, with special references to light sources, photosensitizers, and emerging applications to microbial infestations. We also discuss PACT applied to COVID-19 causing SARS-CoV-2 treatment and disinfecting food materials and water. Finally, we discuss the pathogen selectivity and efficiency of PACT.
ISSN:1389-5567
1873-2739
DOI:10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2021.100452