Deep desulfurization of model diesel by extraction with N,N-dimethylformamide: Optimization by Box–Behnken design

•An extractive desulfurization of alkyl DBT derivates by DMF was studied.•An extraction ability of aprotic solvent (DMF) was higher compared to ionic liquid.•Extraction time showed the largest effect in RSM/Box–Behnken design.•About 78% of sulfur compounds were removed under the optimum conditions.•...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 2014-07, Vol.45 (4), p.1542-1548
Main Authors: Mokhtar, Wan Nur Aini Wan, Bakar, Wan Azelee Wan Abu, Ali, Rusmidah, Kadir, Abdul Aziz Abdul
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Dimethylformamide
Extractive desulfurization
Mathematical modeling
Model diesel
Sulfur removal
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Summary:•An extractive desulfurization of alkyl DBT derivates by DMF was studied.•An extraction ability of aprotic solvent (DMF) was higher compared to ionic liquid.•Extraction time showed the largest effect in RSM/Box–Behnken design.•About 78% of sulfur compounds were removed under the optimum conditions.•DMF extractant could be reused up to five times without significant loss of activity. The extractive desulfurization (EDS) of thiophene, dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) in model diesel was studied using polar solvent, N,N-dimethylformamide. The effects of operational conditions on desulfurization percentage such as solvent to diesel ratio, stirring speed, extraction time and extraction temperature were explored. The influence of inorganic solvents on the extraction process was also studied. Experimental results showed that the pertinent extraction conditions were; DMF/model diesel ratio of 1.0, stirring speed of 1000rpm, extraction time of 30min and extraction temperature of 29°C (ambient temperature). Maximum sulfur removal of thiophene, DBT and 4,6-DMDBT were obtained at 90.2%, 97.2% and 77.0%, respectively. Furthermore, the desulfurization of thiophenic compounds was hampered using inorganic solvent. The DMF extractant was recycled five times without significant decrease in extractive activity. The impact of three critical parameters (DMF ratio, temperature and time) was investigated using Box–Behnken experimental design and their optimum values were found to be 30°C, 34min and 1.4 of extraction temperature, extraction time and DMF ratio, respectively.
ISSN:1876-1070
1876-1089
DOI:10.1016/j.jtice.2014.03.017