Water resource rejuvenation via AOP based degradation of pharmaceuticals extensively used during COVID-19

During COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease - 2019), pharmaceuticals such as hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, azithromycin, dexamethasone, heparin, molnupiravir etc., have been rampantly used in the treatment drive. The pharmacokinetics data of these pharmaceuticals revealed that they are not entirely abso...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of water process engineering 2024-11, Vol.67, p.106137, Article 106137
Main Authors: Singh, Vineeta, Gupta, Shashi Prakash, Samanta, Sujoy Kumar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Advanced oxidation processes
COVID-19
Degradation
Pharmaceutical contaminants
Wastewater treatment
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Summary:During COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease - 2019), pharmaceuticals such as hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, azithromycin, dexamethasone, heparin, molnupiravir etc., have been rampantly used in the treatment drive. The pharmacokinetics data of these pharmaceuticals revealed that they are not entirely absorbed by the body and can be released in primary form into wastewater. These compounds have a very high tendency to persist, bio-accumulate, and transmit into living beings in nondegradable toxic forms. Consequently, the concentrations of these pharmaceuticals are rising swiftly in wastewater. Due to pandemic, the detected concentrations of these pharmaceuticals in aqueous medium are beyond the acceptable limits. Hence, they are emerging as the “newest concern” for water contamination. Accordingly, it demands urgent attention worldwide to develop newer and better processes for fast and efficient degradation of growing pharmaceutical contaminants (PC). Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) appear to be the supremely effective wastewater treatment technology with almost 100 % removal efficiency and greater mineralization of micropollutant compared to that with other processes. Therefore, this review attempts to elucidate the most significant information on the recent progresses associated with AOP-based degradation technologies applicable precisely for the elimination and mineralization of pharmaceuticals used during COVID-19. [Display omitted] •Pharmaceuticals used in COVID-19 emerged as growing micro-pollutants in wastewater.•Summarized hazardous implications of pharmaceuticals used during COVID-19•AOPs as effective technologies for degradation of pharmaceuticals used for COVID-19•Newer hybrid AOPs for better sustainability and higher removal efficiency
ISSN:2214-7144
2214-7144
DOI:10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.106137