A High-Capacity black Phosphorus-Graphite-Sn anode for Lithium-ion batteries

• Published in: Materials letters 2023-07, Vol.343, p.134376, Article 134376
• Main Authors: Yuan, Tianheng, Cui, Xuemei, Li, Jianhua, Ai, Wenqiang, Gao, Xing, Liu, Lei, Hu, Fangzheng, Cui, Xiuguo, Zu, Lei, Lian, Huiqin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Black phosphorus-based composites; Black phosphorus-graphite-Sn anode; Energy storage; Lithium-ion battery
• ISSN: 0167-577X; 1873-4979
• DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2023.134376

•The synergistic effect between BP, graphite and Sn makes the anode more stable.•The BP/G/Sn anode was maintained at 2056 mAh/g after 50 cycles at 0.15 A/g.•The BP/G/Sn anode still has 598.6 mAh/g after 200 cycles at 2A/g. The new nanomaterial black phosphorus (BP), with a two-dimensional folded layer structure, has been widely used in the field of electrochemical energy storage due to its high theoretical capacity of 2596 mAh/g. Sn is also one of the promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, which is inexpensive and non-toxic and has a theoretical capacity of 994 mAh/g. However, BP and Sn undergo huge volume expansion during cycling leading to rapid capacity decay. To solve this problem, we prepared high-performance nanostructured BP-graphite-Sn composites (BP/G/Sn) by ball-milling method. Among them, the homogeneous distribution of BP and Sn in the graphite substrate reflects the synergistic effect and enhances the electrical conductivity. In the lithium half-battery test, the BP/G/Sn anode has a high initial capacity of 2495.4 mAh/g at 0.15 A/g and maintains 2056 mAh/g after 50 cycles, and the capacity remains 598.6 mAh/g after 200 cycles at 2 A/g.