Design formula for band-switching capacitor array in wide tuning range low-phase-noise LC-VCO

• Published in: Microelectronics 2008-12, Vol.39 (12), p.1687-1692
• Main Authors: Chiou, Hwann-Kaeo, Chen, Hsien-Jui, Liao, Hsien-Yuan, Lin, Shuw-Guann, Chang, Yin-Cheng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Band switch; CMOS; LC tank; Low phase noise; Tuning range; Voltage control oscillator (VCO); Wideband; Wireless LAN
• ISSN: 1879-2391; 1879-2391
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mejo.2008.05.007

A low phase noise with wide tuning range complementary LC cross-coupled voltage control oscillator (LC-VCO) using 0.18μm CMOS technology is presented. This paper proposes a design formula for the choice of the value of varactor (ΔCvar) and band switch capacitor (Cs) for the binary-weighted band-switching LC tank which is convenient to determine the proper tuning constant for wideband, low-phase-noise operations. This general formula considers the ratio of frequency overlap (ov) and all the parasitic effects from band-switching capacitor array and transistors. The designed VCO using a 4-bit band-switching capacitor array demonstrates the operating frequencies from 4.166 to 5.537GHz with an equivalent tuning bandwidth of 28.26%. The measured tuning range of all sub-bands is well agreed with that of the post-layout simulation results. The measured phase noise is −123.1dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset in the 5.2GHz band. The calculated figure-of-merit (FoM) of this VCO was as high as −187dB. When considering the tuning bandwidth the designed VCO obtains a FoM-bandwidth product of 52.83, which is much better than previously published works.