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Synthesis and properties of synthetic fulvic acid derived from hematoxylin
[Display omitted] •A new technique for producing the synthetic fulvic acids was developed.•A complex study of the obtained synthetic fulvic acids was carried out.•A computer simulation of the possible oxidation products of hematoxylin were made. A model fulvic acid (FA) was synthesized from a natura...
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Published in: | Journal of molecular structure 2015-04, Vol.1086, p.25-33 |
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Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | [Display omitted]
•A new technique for producing the synthetic fulvic acids was developed.•A complex study of the obtained synthetic fulvic acids was carried out.•A computer simulation of the possible oxidation products of hematoxylin were made.
A model fulvic acid (FA) was synthesized from a natural dye, hematoxylin, in a slow oxidative polymerization/condensation reaction catalysed by OH− at pH ca. 12. The resulting dark-brown product, acidified to pH ca. 2, did not precipitate from the reaction solution. It was isolated and purified by cation-exchange resin. Its physicochemical and spectroscopic properties, as determined by means of elemental analysis, molecular weight analyses, Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–VIS) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, showed a close resemblance to natural FA. The similarity and differences between synthetic fulvic acids derived from hematoxylin and the natural fulvic acids substances are discussed. Quantum-chemical calculations of the supposed primary oxidation products of hematoxylin are performed and compared with observations. |
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ISSN: | 0022-2860 1872-8014 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.12.091 |