Donor-donor-acceptor (D-D-A) luminogens containing a central carbazole core: Aggregation-induced emission (AIE), full-color solid-state emission and diverse mechanofluorochromic characteristics

• Published in: Journal of molecular structure 2024-08, Vol.1309, p.138171, Article 138171
• Main Authors: Ruan, Banhao, Kang, Xi, Guo, Bumeng, Deng, Dian-dian, Tian, Jin-jin, He, Kaixin, Wang, Xiao-Yan, Pu, Shouzhi, Chen, Zhao
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aggregation-induced emission; Carbazole; Full-color emission; Mechanofluorochromism
• ISSN: 0022-2860; 1872-8014
• DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2024.138171

•We successfully developed a series of full-color emissive luminogens.•All these luminogens contain an identical central carbazole core.•Compounds Ⅱ and Ⅴ showed AIEE behavior.•Compounds Ⅲ and Ⅳ showed aggregation fluorescence change behavior.•Compounds Ⅴ and Ⅵ exhibited reversible mechanofluorochromic properties. The construction of multi-functionalized luminophores with full-color emission based on the same core skeleton is an appealing yet significantly challenging task. In this work, we rationally designed and facilely constructed a series of donor-donor-acceptor (D-D-A) based luminogens by representative Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. Using electron-donating carbazole with hexyl chain as basic core structure, a series of donor-donor-acceptor (D-D-A) typed luminogens with different donor and acceptor units were designed and synthesized. Some compounds showed AIEE or aggregate fluorescence change behaviors due to TICT and RIM. Among them, these compounds displayed diverse mechanofluorochromic characteristics, including reversible or irreversible, red-shifted or blue-shifted mechanofluorochromisms. This provided new ideas for the development of multifunctional organic light-emitting molecules. [Display omitted]