In vitro activity of carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde and thymol combined with antifungals against Malassezia pachydermatis

Malassezia pachydermatis is an important opportunistic agent of dermatitis and otitis in dogs. M. pachydermatis is generally treated with topical therapies using combinations of antifungal, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents. We investigated the in vitro activities of carvacrol (CRV), cinnam...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal de mycologie médicale 2019-12, Vol.29 (4), p.375-377
Main Authors: Schlemmer, K.B., Jesus, F.P.K., Tondolo, J.S.M., Weiblen, C., Azevedo, M.I., Machado, V.S., Botton, S.A., Alves, S.H., Santurio, J.M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acrolein - analogs & derivatives
Acrolein - pharmacology
Animals
Antifungal agents
Antifungal Agents - pharmacology
Cymenes - pharmacology
Dermatomycoses - drug therapy
Dermatomycoses - veterinary
Dog Diseases - drug therapy
Dog Diseases - microbiology
Dogs - microbiology
Drug Combinations
Drug Resistance, Fungal
Malassezia - drug effects
Malasseziosis
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Phytochemicals
Phytochemicals - chemistry
Phytochemicals - pharmacology
Susceptibility
Thymol - pharmacology
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Summary:Malassezia pachydermatis is an important opportunistic agent of dermatitis and otitis in dogs. M. pachydermatis is generally treated with topical therapies using combinations of antifungal, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents. We investigated the in vitro activities of carvacrol (CRV), cinnamaldehyde (CIN) and thymol (THY) alone and in combination with antifungal agents (fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, terbinafine and nystatin) against M. pachydermatis. The assays were performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), using Sabouraud dextrose broth and checkerboard microdilution. The mean fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) showed primary synergies for the combinations carvacrol+nystatin, thymol+nystatin, and carvacrol+miconazole (80%). In conclusion, the results obtained indicate that the phytochemicals tested showed relevant in vitro anti-M. pachydermatis activity. Future in vivo experiments are needed to elucidate the safety and therapeutic potential of these combinations.
ISSN:1156-5233
1773-0449
DOI:10.1016/j.mycmed.2019.08.003