Titanates for sodium-ion storage

• Published in: Nano today 2022-02, Vol.42, p.101349, Article 101349
• Main Authors: Dong, Shengyang, Lv, Nan, Wu, Yulin, Zhang, Yizhou, Zhu, Guoyin, Dong, Xiaochen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Dual-ion batteries; Sodium-ion batteries; Sodium-ion capacitors; Sodium-ion storage; Titanates
• ISSN: 1748-0132; 1878-044X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2021.101349

•A classification of sodium-ion storage based on the sodium-ion migration process is proposed.•Titanates for sodium-ion batteries, sodium-ion capacitors, and dual-ion batteries are summarized.•The sodium-ion storage mechanisms and modification approaches of titanates are highlighted.•Challenges and opportunities in the future of sodium-ion storage are considered. [Display omitted] The latest status and the advancement with respect to sodium-ion storage based on titanates anode have been elaborated, including history walk, charge storage mechanisms, titanates electrode architecture and full cell design, etc. The fundamental science behind the challenges, and potential solutions toward the goals of long calendar life and high energy/power densities future, are discussed in detail. There exists a huge demand gap for grid storage to couple the sustainable green energy systems. Due to the natural abundance and potential low cost, sodium-ion storage, especially sodium-ion battery, has achieved substantive advances and is becoming a promising candidate for lithium-ion counterpart in large-scale energy storage. As an important family, titanium-based materials, especially titanates have shown versatile applications in rechargeable batteries due to their advantages, which include excellent stability, high abundance, low cost, and being environmentally benign. Here, the recent advances of sodium-ion storage based on titanate anode materials are reviewed, including sodium-ion batteries, sodium-ion capacitors, and dual-ion batteries. This review aims to understand the design principle and sodium-ion storage mechanism of titanate electrodes. A brief perspective of the impediments and opportunities for titanium-based sodium-ion storage is finally presented.