Gain ripple minimization in fiber Raman amplifiers based on variational method

In this paper, the variational method is employed for minimizing the gain ripple of multi-wavelength fiber Raman amplifiers. The variance of gain spectrum of the fiber Raman amplifier is regarded as the cost function, restriction on total pump power and average gain is given as the constraints of th...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Optics communications 2008-03, Vol.281 (6), p.1545-1557
Main Authors: Bahrampour, A.R., Ghasempour, A., Rahimi, L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Exact sciences and technology
Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications)
Laser optical systems: design and operation
Optics
Physics
Raman amplifier
Raman gain flatness
Resonators, cavities, amplifiers, arrays, and rings
Variational method
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:In this paper, the variational method is employed for minimizing the gain ripple of multi-wavelength fiber Raman amplifiers. The variance of gain spectrum of the fiber Raman amplifier is regarded as the cost function, restriction on total pump power and average gain is given as the constraints of the minimization problem. It is shown that the minimization problem with any necessary constraints on the pump powers, average gain and signal to noise ratio, is reduced to a two-point boundary value problem. The method gives the entire possible local and global solutions. The method is applied to different examples of fiber Raman amplifiers with different lengths from 25km to 100km and different numbers of pumps from 4 to 20 to determine the pump powers and wavelengths for minimum gain ripple. It was obtained for a 100km fiber Raman amplifier the gain ripple can be about 0.1dB with on–off gain more than 20dB.
ISSN:0030-4018
1873-0310
DOI:10.1016/j.optcom.2007.11.057