Lithium niobate open type optical wave guide using point dipole approximation surface and to study thermo birefringence

• Published in: Optical materials 2024-03, Vol.149, p.114921, Article 114921
• Main Authors: Suhasini, Velagapudi, Subbareddy, I.V., Manoher, Pasunooti
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Point dipole approximations; Polarizability; Thermobirefringence; Thermopolarizable coefficient
• ISSN: 0925-3467; 1873-1252
• DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2024.114921

The construction and plan of LiNbO3/LN to resolve Refractive Index (RI) profiles with respect to depth and temperature becomes crucial for this type of work. For use in the disciplines of medical diagnosis, biochemistry, and chemistry, high sensitivity refractive index meters have attracted a lot of interest recently. Within integrated optical devices, there are a variety of competing methods for spotting variations in refractive index of order 10−6. SPR sensors for surfaces and Mach-Zehnder interferometers are two examples of this. The Point Dipole Approximations (PDA) are used in to analyze the fluctuations of the RI no and ne at various temperatures as well as the thermal birefringence close to the surface of Z-cut and X-cut LN open type optical waveguides. •The LiNbO3 to resolve of Refractive Index (RI) profiles with respect to depth and temperature.•The PDA method, briefly explained and used medical diagnosis, biochemistry, and chemistry.•The high sensitivity refractive index meters.