Etoxazole resistance in predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis A.-H. (Acari: Phytoseiidae): Cross-resistance, inheritance and biochemical resistance mechanisms

• Published in: Pesticide biochemistry and physiology 2015-07, Vol.122, p.96-102
• Main Authors: Yorulmaz Salman, Sibel, Aydınlı, Fatma, Ay, Recep
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism; Detoxification enzymes; Drug Resistance, Multiple - drug effects; Drug Resistance, Multiple - physiology; Drug Synergism; Esterases - metabolism; Etoxazole; Female; Glutathione Transferase - metabolism; Inactivation, Metabolic; Inheritance; Male; Mites - drug effects; Mites - physiology; Oxazoles - pharmacology; Pesticides - pharmacology; Phytoseiulus persimilis; Resistance; Synergist
• ISSN: 0048-3575; 1095-9939
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.12.014

•We obtained an etoxazole-resistant Phytoseiulus persimilis population (RR 11.63-fold) (ETO6 population) which was selected with etoxazole.•Resistant population developed low resistance to spinosad and moderate cross-resistance to deltamethrin, spiromesifen, acetamiprid, indoxacarb, chlorantraniliprole and milbemectin.•PBO, IBP and DEM synergists increased the efficiency of etoxazole in the ETO6 populations of the Phytoseiulus persimilis.•Etoxazole resistance was found to lack dominance (partial dominance) and be polygenic in Phytoseiulus persimilis.•GST, P450 monooxygenase and esterase enzymes can be considered important in the development of etoxazole resistance population. Phytoseiulus persimilis of the family Phytoseiidae is an effective predatory mite species that is used to control pest mites. The LC50 and LC60 values of etoxazole were determined on P. persimilis using a leaf-disc method and spraying tower. A laboratory selection population designated ETO6 was found to have a 111.63-fold resistance to etoxazole following 6 selection cycles. This population developed low cross-resistance to spinosad, spiromesifen, acetamiprid, indoxacarb, chlorantraniliprole, milbemectin and moderate cross-resistance to deltamethrin. PBO, IBP and DEM synergised resistance 3.17-, 2.85- and 3.60-fold respectively. Crossing experiments revealed that etoxazole resistance in the ETO6 population was an intermediately dominant and polygenic. In addition, detoxifying enzyme activities were increased 2.71-fold for esterase, 3.09-fold for glutathione S-transferase (GST) and 2.76-fold for cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) in the ETO6 population. Selection for etoxazole under laboratory conditions resulted in the development of etoxazole resistance in the predatory mite P. persimilis that are resistant to pesticides are considered valuable for use in resistance management programmes within integrated pest control strategies.