Loading…

Covert communications in STAR-RIS-aided rate-splitting multiple access systems

In this paper, an simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) is deployed in the downlink rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) covert system to enhance the covert communication performance. According to the RSMA transceiver mechanism, the messages for th...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physical communication 2024-06, Vol.64, p.102342, Article 102342
Main Authors: Chang, Heng, Yang, Hai, Xu, Shuobo, Pang, Xiyu, Liu, Hongwu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Citations: Items that this one cites
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
cited_by
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c255t-8ae929391b0d3a47ba9c6af89001e2b86a691b714d0655f10a7ae3894700d0bd3
container_end_page
container_issue
container_start_page 102342
container_title Physical communication
container_volume 64
creator Chang, Heng
Yang, Hai
Xu, Shuobo
Pang, Xiyu
Liu, Hongwu
description In this paper, an simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) is deployed in the downlink rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) covert system to enhance the covert communication performance. According to the RSMA transceiver mechanism, the messages for the covert user (Bob) and public user (Grace) are converted to the common and private streams at the legitimate transmitter (Alice) to realize downlink transmissions, while the STAR-RIS not only assists Alice in transmitting public messages to Grace but also protects the covert messages Alice sends to Bob by mixing up Warden (Willie). To characterize the covert performance of the considered STAR-RIS-aided RSMA (STAR-RIS-RSMA) system, We derive a closed expression for its detection error probability in the most favorable case for Willie, based on which a covert rate maximization problem is formulated. To maximize Bob’s covert rate while confusing Willie’s monitoring, the power allocation factor, common rate allocation factor, and STAR-RIS reflection/transmission beamforming are jointly optimized subject to Grace’s quality of service (QoS) requirements. The complex non-convex problem of maximizing covert rate, involving coupled system parameters, thus is split into three separate sub-issues: the allocation of transmit power, allocation of common rates, and STAR-RIS reflection/transmission beamforming, respectively. To obtain the rank-one constrained optimal solution for the sub-problem of optimizing the STAR-RIS reflection/transmission beamforming, a penalty-based successive convex approximation scheme is developed. Moreover, an alternative optimization (AO) algorithm is designed to determine the optimal solution for the sub-problem of optimizing the transmit power allocation, while the original problem is overall solved by a new AO algorithm. Simulation results corroborate the accuracy of the derived analytical results and demonstrate that the proposed STAR-RIS-RSMA scheme outperforms the benchmark scheme in achieving the covert rate.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102342
format article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>elsevier_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_crossref_primary_10_1016_j_phycom_2024_102342</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S1874490724000600</els_id><sourcerecordid>S1874490724000600</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c255t-8ae929391b0d3a47ba9c6af89001e2b86a691b714d0655f10a7ae3894700d0bd3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kMtqwzAQRbVooSHNH3ShH1AqybJlbQoh9BEILSTpWsjSuFXwC0kJ5O_r4Kw7m4GZOZfhIPTE6JJRVjwfl8PvxfbtklMuxhHPBL9DM1ZKQYSi8gEtYjzSa8nxQszQ57o_Q0h4hNpT561Jvu8i9h3eH1Y7stvsifEOHA4mAYlD41Py3Q9uT03yQwPYWAsx4niJCdr4iO5r00RY3Pocfb-9HtYfZPv1vlmvtsTyPE-kNKC4yhSrqMuMkJVRtjB1qShlwKuyMMW4k0w4WuR5zaiRBrJSCUmpo5XL5khMuTb0MQao9RB8a8JFM6qvKvRRTyr0VYWeVIzYy4TB-NvZQ9DReugsOB_AJu16_3_AH_hfa14</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Covert communications in STAR-RIS-aided rate-splitting multiple access systems</title><source>ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Chang, Heng ; Yang, Hai ; Xu, Shuobo ; Pang, Xiyu ; Liu, Hongwu</creator><creatorcontrib>Chang, Heng ; Yang, Hai ; Xu, Shuobo ; Pang, Xiyu ; Liu, Hongwu</creatorcontrib><description>In this paper, an simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) is deployed in the downlink rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) covert system to enhance the covert communication performance. According to the RSMA transceiver mechanism, the messages for the covert user (Bob) and public user (Grace) are converted to the common and private streams at the legitimate transmitter (Alice) to realize downlink transmissions, while the STAR-RIS not only assists Alice in transmitting public messages to Grace but also protects the covert messages Alice sends to Bob by mixing up Warden (Willie). To characterize the covert performance of the considered STAR-RIS-aided RSMA (STAR-RIS-RSMA) system, We derive a closed expression for its detection error probability in the most favorable case for Willie, based on which a covert rate maximization problem is formulated. To maximize Bob’s covert rate while confusing Willie’s monitoring, the power allocation factor, common rate allocation factor, and STAR-RIS reflection/transmission beamforming are jointly optimized subject to Grace’s quality of service (QoS) requirements. The complex non-convex problem of maximizing covert rate, involving coupled system parameters, thus is split into three separate sub-issues: the allocation of transmit power, allocation of common rates, and STAR-RIS reflection/transmission beamforming, respectively. To obtain the rank-one constrained optimal solution for the sub-problem of optimizing the STAR-RIS reflection/transmission beamforming, a penalty-based successive convex approximation scheme is developed. Moreover, an alternative optimization (AO) algorithm is designed to determine the optimal solution for the sub-problem of optimizing the transmit power allocation, while the original problem is overall solved by a new AO algorithm. Simulation results corroborate the accuracy of the derived analytical results and demonstrate that the proposed STAR-RIS-RSMA scheme outperforms the benchmark scheme in achieving the covert rate.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1874-4907</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102342</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Beamforming ; Covert communications ; Rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) ; Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS)</subject><ispartof>Physical communication, 2024-06, Vol.64, p.102342, Article 102342</ispartof><rights>2024 Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c255t-8ae929391b0d3a47ba9c6af89001e2b86a691b714d0655f10a7ae3894700d0bd3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2279-5540 ; 0009-0000-3078-5062</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chang, Heng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Hai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Shuobo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pang, Xiyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Hongwu</creatorcontrib><title>Covert communications in STAR-RIS-aided rate-splitting multiple access systems</title><title>Physical communication</title><description>In this paper, an simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) is deployed in the downlink rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) covert system to enhance the covert communication performance. According to the RSMA transceiver mechanism, the messages for the covert user (Bob) and public user (Grace) are converted to the common and private streams at the legitimate transmitter (Alice) to realize downlink transmissions, while the STAR-RIS not only assists Alice in transmitting public messages to Grace but also protects the covert messages Alice sends to Bob by mixing up Warden (Willie). To characterize the covert performance of the considered STAR-RIS-aided RSMA (STAR-RIS-RSMA) system, We derive a closed expression for its detection error probability in the most favorable case for Willie, based on which a covert rate maximization problem is formulated. To maximize Bob’s covert rate while confusing Willie’s monitoring, the power allocation factor, common rate allocation factor, and STAR-RIS reflection/transmission beamforming are jointly optimized subject to Grace’s quality of service (QoS) requirements. The complex non-convex problem of maximizing covert rate, involving coupled system parameters, thus is split into three separate sub-issues: the allocation of transmit power, allocation of common rates, and STAR-RIS reflection/transmission beamforming, respectively. To obtain the rank-one constrained optimal solution for the sub-problem of optimizing the STAR-RIS reflection/transmission beamforming, a penalty-based successive convex approximation scheme is developed. Moreover, an alternative optimization (AO) algorithm is designed to determine the optimal solution for the sub-problem of optimizing the transmit power allocation, while the original problem is overall solved by a new AO algorithm. Simulation results corroborate the accuracy of the derived analytical results and demonstrate that the proposed STAR-RIS-RSMA scheme outperforms the benchmark scheme in achieving the covert rate.</description><subject>Beamforming</subject><subject>Covert communications</subject><subject>Rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA)</subject><subject>Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS)</subject><issn>1874-4907</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kMtqwzAQRbVooSHNH3ShH1AqybJlbQoh9BEILSTpWsjSuFXwC0kJ5O_r4Kw7m4GZOZfhIPTE6JJRVjwfl8PvxfbtklMuxhHPBL9DM1ZKQYSi8gEtYjzSa8nxQszQ57o_Q0h4hNpT561Jvu8i9h3eH1Y7stvsifEOHA4mAYlD41Py3Q9uT03yQwPYWAsx4niJCdr4iO5r00RY3Pocfb-9HtYfZPv1vlmvtsTyPE-kNKC4yhSrqMuMkJVRtjB1qShlwKuyMMW4k0w4WuR5zaiRBrJSCUmpo5XL5khMuTb0MQao9RB8a8JFM6qvKvRRTyr0VYWeVIzYy4TB-NvZQ9DReugsOB_AJu16_3_AH_hfa14</recordid><startdate>202406</startdate><enddate>202406</enddate><creator>Chang, Heng</creator><creator>Yang, Hai</creator><creator>Xu, Shuobo</creator><creator>Pang, Xiyu</creator><creator>Liu, Hongwu</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2279-5540</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3078-5062</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202406</creationdate><title>Covert communications in STAR-RIS-aided rate-splitting multiple access systems</title><author>Chang, Heng ; Yang, Hai ; Xu, Shuobo ; Pang, Xiyu ; Liu, Hongwu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c255t-8ae929391b0d3a47ba9c6af89001e2b86a691b714d0655f10a7ae3894700d0bd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Beamforming</topic><topic>Covert communications</topic><topic>Rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA)</topic><topic>Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS)</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chang, Heng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Hai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Shuobo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pang, Xiyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Hongwu</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Physical communication</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chang, Heng</au><au>Yang, Hai</au><au>Xu, Shuobo</au><au>Pang, Xiyu</au><au>Liu, Hongwu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Covert communications in STAR-RIS-aided rate-splitting multiple access systems</atitle><jtitle>Physical communication</jtitle><date>2024-06</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>64</volume><spage>102342</spage><pages>102342-</pages><artnum>102342</artnum><issn>1874-4907</issn><abstract>In this paper, an simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) is deployed in the downlink rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) covert system to enhance the covert communication performance. According to the RSMA transceiver mechanism, the messages for the covert user (Bob) and public user (Grace) are converted to the common and private streams at the legitimate transmitter (Alice) to realize downlink transmissions, while the STAR-RIS not only assists Alice in transmitting public messages to Grace but also protects the covert messages Alice sends to Bob by mixing up Warden (Willie). To characterize the covert performance of the considered STAR-RIS-aided RSMA (STAR-RIS-RSMA) system, We derive a closed expression for its detection error probability in the most favorable case for Willie, based on which a covert rate maximization problem is formulated. To maximize Bob’s covert rate while confusing Willie’s monitoring, the power allocation factor, common rate allocation factor, and STAR-RIS reflection/transmission beamforming are jointly optimized subject to Grace’s quality of service (QoS) requirements. The complex non-convex problem of maximizing covert rate, involving coupled system parameters, thus is split into three separate sub-issues: the allocation of transmit power, allocation of common rates, and STAR-RIS reflection/transmission beamforming, respectively. To obtain the rank-one constrained optimal solution for the sub-problem of optimizing the STAR-RIS reflection/transmission beamforming, a penalty-based successive convex approximation scheme is developed. Moreover, an alternative optimization (AO) algorithm is designed to determine the optimal solution for the sub-problem of optimizing the transmit power allocation, while the original problem is overall solved by a new AO algorithm. Simulation results corroborate the accuracy of the derived analytical results and demonstrate that the proposed STAR-RIS-RSMA scheme outperforms the benchmark scheme in achieving the covert rate.</abstract><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102342</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2279-5540</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3078-5062</orcidid></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1874-4907
ispartof Physical communication, 2024-06, Vol.64, p.102342, Article 102342
issn 1874-4907
language eng
recordid cdi_crossref_primary_10_1016_j_phycom_2024_102342
source ScienceDirect Journals
subjects Beamforming
Covert communications
Rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA)
Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS)
title Covert communications in STAR-RIS-aided rate-splitting multiple access systems
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-26T01%3A07%3A19IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-elsevier_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Covert%20communications%20in%20STAR-RIS-aided%20rate-splitting%20multiple%20access%20systems&rft.jtitle=Physical%20communication&rft.au=Chang,%20Heng&rft.date=2024-06&rft.volume=64&rft.spage=102342&rft.pages=102342-&rft.artnum=102342&rft.issn=1874-4907&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102342&rft_dat=%3Celsevier_cross%3ES1874490724000600%3C/elsevier_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c255t-8ae929391b0d3a47ba9c6af89001e2b86a691b714d0655f10a7ae3894700d0bd3%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true