Dropleton-soliton crossover mediated via trap modulation

• Published in: Physics letters. A 2022-07, Vol.439, p.128137, Article 128137
• Main Authors: Debnath, Argha, Khan, Ayan, Basu, Saurabh
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bose-Einstein condensate; Quantum droplet; Soliton
• ISSN: 0375-9601; 1873-2429
• DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2022.128137

•A transition of self-bound droplets to solitons in ultracold binary condensate with longitudinal trap frequency.•Modified GP equation is numerically solved at different longitudinal frequencies.•We examine the nonlinear increase of chemical potential and energy and identify the transition as crossover.•Also, a smooth transition in the pair size is noted.•In the later part we shed light on the role of particle number by constructing a phase diagram. We report a droplet to a soliton crossover by tuning the external confinement potential in a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate by numerically solving the modified Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The testimony of such a crossover is presented via studying the fractional density of the condensate which smoothly migrates from being a flat-head curve at weak confinement to a bright soliton at strong confinement. Such a transition occurs across a region of the potential whose strength varies over an order of magnitude and thus should be fit to be termed as a crossover. We supplement our studies via exploring the size of the bound pairs and the ramifications of the particle density therein. Eventually, all of these aid us in arriving at a phase diagram in a space defined by the trap strength and the particle number that shows the formation of two phases consisting of droplets and solitons, along with a regime of coexistence of these two.