Bioactive constituents from the leaves of Croton tiglium

• Published in: Phytochemistry letters 2022-06, Vol.49, p.65-72
• Main Authors: Jiang, Zhi-Yong, Duan, Li-Kun, Feng, Jin-E., Liu, Chun-Jiang, Li, Xiao-Fei, Li, Yuan, Huang, Chun-Qiu, Shi, Sheng-Li, Zuo, Ai-Xue, He, Hong-Ping
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Croton tiglium; Larvicidal activity; Phorbol esters; Sesquiterpenoids; α-glucosidase inhibitory activity
• ISSN: 1874-3900; 1876-7486
• DOI: 10.1016/j.phytol.2022.03.003

Fifteen compounds, including five new phorbol esters (1-5) and ten known metabolites were isolated from the leaves of Croton tiglium. The structures of new compounds 1-5 were determined by comprehensive analysis of the HRESIMS, IR, 1D and 2D NMR spectral data. The isolates were assayed for their larvicidal and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity; results suggested the new compounds 1-4 possessed significant insecticidal activity, inhibiting the Plutella xylostella with LC50 values ranging from 0.081 to 0.114 μg/mL, while the sesquiterpenoids 11 and 15 showed noticeable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 11.27 and 8.13 μM, respectively. [Display omitted] •Five new tigliane diterpenoids were isolated from the leaves of Croton tiglium.•The new tigliane diterpenoids with unsaturated long-chain esters were obtained in Croton tiglium for the first time.•The new tigliane diterpenoids with unsaturated long-chain esters were firstly found to possess significant larvicidal activity.•The isolated sesquiterpenoids were found to possess remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.