Construction of waterborne flame-retardant itaconate-based unsaturated polyesters and application for UV-curable hybrid coatings on wood

• Published in: Progress in organic coatings 2023-10, Vol.183, p.107826, Article 107826
• Main Authors: Huang, Yishuai, Zhou, Qiaofang, Li, Liping, Wang, Qingwen, Guo, Chuigen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Flame retardant; Itaconic acid; UV-curable hybrid coating; Waterborne unsaturated polyester; Wood
• ISSN: 0300-9440
• DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2023.107826

Developing a strategy to improve the flame retardancy and water resistance of waterborne bio-based coatings on wood is an effective route to enhance safety and applicability of timbers. In this work, the waterborne itaconate-based unsaturated polyester (IAF) were synthesized from biomass-derived itaconic acid (IA) and flame retardants FRC-6 by melt polycondensation in one pot, which was investigated as an ideal waterborne resin for UV-curable coating applications. A series of UV-cured hybrid coatings on wood were prepared consisting of IAF, N-(Hydroxymethyl) acrylamide (NMA), and γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) in various proportions via UV-curing and sol-gel process. The incorporation of MPS enhanced the rigidity, cross-linkage, and water resistance of UV-cured hybrid coatings, but the excessive silicone gel limited the further improvement of coating performances due to the phase separation and reduced film-forming property. Moreover, the UV-cured hybrid coatings appeared exceptional charring properties and endowed wood with superior flame retardancy. It was noticed that P/N/Si synergistically promoted the formation of remarkable, dense, and stable char layer on wood as a barrier, retarding the spread of heat, oxygen, or flammable volatile and the further combustion of substrates. Besides, the free radical capture of phosphorus and the dilution effect of inert gas played an essential role in gas-phase flame retardancy. [Display omitted] •The waterborne itaconate-based unsaturated polyester was synthesized in one-pot.•The hybrid coatings were efficiently prepared by UV-curing and sol-gel process.•The silicone improved cross-linkage and water resistance of hybrid network.•The UV-cured hybrid coatings enhanced char formation and flame retardancy of wood.•P/N/Si played a synergistic role in the condensed and gas-phase flame retardancy.