Dual energy X-ray image analysis for classifying vitreousness in durum wheat

• Published in: Postharvest biology and technology 2007-09, Vol.45 (3), p.381-384
• Main Authors: Neethirajan, S., Jayas, D.S., Karunakaran, C.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: automatic detection; Biological and medical sciences; Cereal and baking product industries; classification; Dual energy X-ray images; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; durum wheat; Food industries; food quality; Fruit and vegetable industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; image analysis; Neural network classifiers; Non-vitreous kernels; quality control; seeds; Statistical classifiers; Vitreous kernels; vitreousness; water content
• ISSN: 0925-5214; 1873-2356
• DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2007.03.009

Dual energy X-ray imaging technique is an alternative to simple transmission X-ray imaging. The former has the ability to reveal the internal density changes of a scanned object by exploiting differences in how the scanned material interacts with X-rays at different energies. The feasibility of dual energy X-ray image analysis to classify vitreousness in durum wheat was assessed at 12, 14 and 16% moisture content (m.c.). Algorithms were developed for the logarithmic subtraction of images and for extraction of features. Histogram groups and total gray values were extracted from the dual energy subtracted images. Statistical and neural network classifiers were used for identifying vitreous and non-vitreous kernels from the sample images. Neural network classifiers correctly classified vitreous and non-vitreous kernels with 93% accuracy. The statistical classifiers provided 89% accuracy for vitreous and non-vitreous kernels. The over all classification accuracy for differentiating vitreous and non-vitreous kernels is higher using dual energy X-ray imaging than the simple transmission X-ray imaging.