Airway and systemic oxidant-antioxidant dysregulation in asthma: A possible scenario of oxidants spill over from lung into blood

Abstract Asthma is characterized by repeated episodes of airway obstruction and an ongoing cycle of airway inflammation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by inflammatory cells in the lung play a key role in the pathogenesis as well as amplification of inflammation in asthmatic airways. Several...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics 2014-10, Vol.29 (1), p.31-40
Main Authors: Nadeem, A, Siddiqui, N, Alharbi, Naif O, Alharbi, Mohamed M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antioxidant
Antioxidants - metabolism
Asthma
Asthma - physiopathology
Blood
Humans
Inflammation
Inflammation - physiopathology
Lung
Lung - physiopathology
Medical Education
Oxidants - blood
Oxidants - metabolism
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - physiology
Pulmonary/Respiratory
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Respiratory Function Tests
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Summary:Abstract Asthma is characterized by repeated episodes of airway obstruction and an ongoing cycle of airway inflammation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by inflammatory cells in the lung play a key role in the pathogenesis as well as amplification of inflammation in asthmatic airways. Several enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants are available in the lung and systemic circulation to counteract ROS-mediated damage on various biomolecules such as lipid membranes, proteins, and DNA; however during asthmatic inflammation these defenses are overwhelmed due to excessive production of ROS thereby leading to inflammatory events in the airways/systemic circulation. ROS-mediated damage may result in increased vascular permeability, mucus hypersecretion, smooth muscle contraction, epithelial shedding and impairment in the responsiveness of β-adrenergic receptors. Strategies aimed to boost the endogenous antioxidants either through dietary or pharmacological intervention to redress oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in asthma is the current area of research in many laboratories throughout the world. This review aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the available literature on oxidative stress and antioxidants imbalance in asthma with a focus both on lung and blood components and bring forth correlations between lung/blood oxidative stress/antioxidant parameters and lung function.
ISSN:1094-5539
1522-9629
DOI:10.1016/j.pupt.2014.06.001