Incidence of type 2 diabetes and associated factors in the adult population of the Community of Madrid. PREDIMERC cohort

• Published in: Revista clínica espanõla (English edition) 2015-12, Vol.215 (9), p.495-502
• Main Authors: Gil-Montalbán, E., Martín-Ríos, M.D., Ortiz-Marrón, H., Zorrilla-Torras, B., Martínez-Cortés, M., Esteban-Vasallo, M.D., López-de-Andrés, A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Baseline glycaemia; Cohort population; Cohorte poblacional; Diabetes tipo 2; Factores de riesgo; Glucemia basal; HbA1c; Incidence; Incidencia; Prediabetes; Risk factors; Type 2 diabetes
• ISSN: 2254-8874; 2254-8874
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2015.07.003

Determine the incidence and risk factors of type 2 diabetes in the adult population of Madrid (Spain) and compare the predictive models of type 2 diabetes based on the prediabetes criteria of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the World Health Organisation (WHO). A prospective study was conducted on a population cohort composed of 2048 individuals between 30 and 74years of age with no diabetes. At the start of the study, an epidemiological survey was performed, and baseline glycaemia, HbA1c, body mass index and waist circumference were measured. A follow-up of 6.4years was conducted. New cases of type 2 diabetes were identified using the electronic primary care medical history. The incidence of type 2 diabetes was 3.5 cases/1000 person-years. In the multivariate analysis, the variables that were associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes were age, family history of diabetes, baseline glycaemia (100–125mg/dL), HbA1c (5.7–6.4%) and waist circumference (≥94cm for men and ≥80cm for women). Of these, the most significantly associated variables were baseline glycaemia and HbA1c. The ADA and WHO criteria for defining prediabetes had the same predictive capacity. The incidence of type 2 diabetes measured in Madrid was lower than that found in other population studies, with the glucometabolic state the main factor associated with progression to type 2 diabetes. There were no differences between the prediabetes defined by the ADA and the WHO for predicting the onset of the disease. Estimar la incidencia y los factores de riesgo de diabetes tipo 2 en la población adulta de Madrid (España) y comparar los modelos predictivos de diabetes tipo 2 basados en los criterios de prediabetes de la American Diabetes Association (ADA) y la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Estudio prospectivo de una cohorte poblacional formada por 2048 individuos de entre 30 y 74años sin diabetes. Al inicio del estudio se realizó una encuesta epidemiológica y se midió la glucemia basal, la HbA1c, el índice de masa corporal y el perímetro de la cintura. Se realizó un seguimiento de 6,4años. Los casos nuevos de diabetes tipo 2 se identificaron a través de la historia clínica electrónica de atención primaria. La incidencia de diabetes tipo 2 fue 3,5 casos/1.000 personas-año. En el análisis multivariante las variables que se asociaron con la aparición de diabetes tipo 2 fueron la edad, los antecedentes familiares de diabetes, la glucemia basal (100–125mg/dL), la HbA1c (5,7–6,4%) y el