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Graves’ disease in a 3 year-old patient with agranulocytosis due to anti-thyroid drugs: Radioiodine ablation therapy as an effective alternative

The case is presented of a multi-pathological 3-year-old girl, with mitochondrial disease (subacute necrotizing encephalomielopathy of Leigh syndrome.), V-stage chronic kidney disease of a diffuse mesangial sclerosis and developmental disorders who was diagnosed with hyperthyroidism Graves-Basedow’...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Revista Española de medicina nuclear e imagen molecular (English ed.) 2017-07, Vol.36 (4), p.260-262
Main Authors: Espinosa-Muñoz, E., Ramírez-Ocaña, D., Martín-García, A.M., Ruiz-García, F.J., Puentes-Zarzuela, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:The case is presented of a multi-pathological 3-year-old girl, with mitochondrial disease (subacute necrotizing encephalomielopathy of Leigh syndrome.), V-stage chronic kidney disease of a diffuse mesangial sclerosis and developmental disorders who was diagnosed with hyperthyroidism Graves-Basedow’ disease. Six weeks after starting the treatment with neocarbimazole, the patient reported a serious case of agranulocytosis that forced to cancel antithyroid drugs, so she was treated successfully with 131I ablative therapy. The relevance of the article is that Graves’ disease is uncommon in the pediatric age range (specially in children younger than 6 years old), developing complications due to a possible late diagnosis. Agranulocitosis is a potentially serious adverse effect following the use of antithyroid drugs and the few reported cases of ablative therapy with 131I at this age provide the uniqueness of the case. Se presenta el caso de una niña de 3 años pluripatológica, con una enfermedad genética mitocondrial (encefalomiopatía necrosante subaguda o síndrome de Leigh), insuficiencia renal crónica estadio v por una esclerosis mesangial difusa y alteraciones del desarrollo, que fue diagnosticada de hipertiroidismo autoinmune por enfermedad de Graves-Basedow. A las 6 semanas del inicio terapéutico con neocarbimazol, la paciente presentó un cuadro de agranulocitosis severa que obligó a suspender la medicación con fármacos antitiroideos, motivo por el cual fue tratada de manera eficaz con terapia metabólica con 131I. La relevancia del artículo radica en la infrecuencia de la enfermedad de Graves en niños prepuberales (especialmente menores de 6 años), las complicaciones en el desarrollo derivadas de un posible diagnóstico tardío, la aparición de agranulocitosis como efecto adverso potencialmente grave tras el uso de antitiroideos y los pocos casos reportados de terapia ablativa con 131I a esta edad, que otorgan singularidad al caso.
ISSN:2253-8089
2253-8089
DOI:10.1016/j.remnie.2017.01.006